验证码识别代码(Java)
此代码为自动识别12306火车货运验证码，由于12306火车货运验证码较简单，故本代码没有做图像上的过多变换，只是做了图像灰化，识别正确率90%以上，还可以让它学习更多的验证码样本来提高识别正确率。本代码测试通过后未做过多优化。有验证码识别需求的coder们可以参考下。话不多说，上源码
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Statement;import java.util.ArrayList;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;// 字库处理类class DBOp {// 添加字库public static void insertRec(String psChar, String psBits)throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {// 1 建立数据库连接Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");Connection loConn = null;loConn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:char_bits.db");Statement loExecuter = loConn.createStatement();loExecuter.setQueryTimeout(1);// 2 查找Char的记录ResultSet loChars = loExecuter.executeQuery("select * from chars where char ='" + psChar+ "'");if (loChars.next()) {int liCharId = loChars.getInt("id");ResultSet loBitsRecs = loExecuter.executeQuery("select char_bits from bits where char_id ="+ liCharId);while (loBitsRecs.next()) {String lsOldBits = loBitsRecs.getString("char_bits");if (lsOldBits.equals(psBits)) {loConn.close();return;}}loExecuter.executeUpdate("insert into bits values(" + liCharId+ ",'" + psBits + "')");loConn.close();} else {loConn.close();throw new SQLException("数据库格式错误");}}// 获取字库内所有字的bit码public static ArrayList<String> getAllBits(int piOffset, int piLimit)throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {// 1 建立数据库连接Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");Connection loConn = null;loConn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:char_bits.db");Statement loExecuter = loConn.createStatement();loExecuter.setQueryTimeout(1);// 2 获取BitsArrayList<String> loResults = new ArrayList<String>();ResultSet loBits = loExecuter.executeQuery("select char_bits from bits limit " + piLimit+ " offset " + piOffset);while (loBits.next())loResults.add(loBits.getString("char_bits"));loConn.close();return loResults;}// 根据字的bit码获取字public static String getCharByBits(String psBits)throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {// 1 建立数据库连接Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");Connection loConn = null;loConn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:char_bits.db");Statement loExecuter = loConn.createStatement();loExecuter.setQueryTimeout(1);// 2 获取BitsResultSet loCharIds = loExecuter.executeQuery("select char_id from bits where char_bits = '"+ psBits + "'");String lsResult = null;if (loCharIds.next()) {ResultSet loChars = loExecuter.executeQuery("select char from chars where id = "+ loCharIds.getString("char_id") + "");if (loChars.next())lsResult = loChars.getString("char");}loConn.close();return lsResult;}// 获取所有CHarpublic static ArrayList<String> getAllChars()throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {// 1 建立数据库连接Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");Connection loConn = null;loConn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:char_bits.db");Statement loExecuter = loConn.createStatement();loExecuter.setQueryTimeout(1);// 2 获取CharArrayList<String> loResults = new ArrayList<String>();ResultSet loChars = loExecuter.executeQuery("select * from chars");while (loChars.next())loResults.add(loChars.getString("char"));loConn.close();return loResults;}// 根据CHar获取所有字节记录public static ArrayList<String> getAllBitsByChar(String psChar)throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {// 1 建立数据库连接Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");Connection loConn = null;loConn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:char_bits.db");Statement loExecuter = loConn.createStatement();loExecuter.setQueryTimeout(1);// 2 查找ArrayList<String> loResults = new ArrayList<String>();ResultSet loChars = loExecuter.executeQuery("select * from chars where char ='" + psChar+ "'");if (loChars.next()) {ResultSet loBitsRecs = loExecuter.executeQuery("select char_bits from bits where char_id ="+ loChars.getInt("id"));while (loBitsRecs.next())loResults.add(loBitsRecs.getString("char_bits"));} elsethrow new SQLException("数据库中找不到" + psChar + "的记录");loConn.close();return loResults;}}public class AuthRecg {private static final String PATH_IMGS = "F:\\Projects\\Test\\yanzhengma";private static final int THRESHOLD_BIT_EFFECT = 80;private static final float THRESHOLD_COS_SAME_CHAR = 0.87f;// 验证码识别公共方法public static String recg(BufferedImage poImg) {// 1 扫描图片ArrayList<String> laScanChars = scan(poImg);// 2 针对每个字符，分别识别String lsResult = "";for (String lsCharBits : laScanChars) {String lsRecgChar = recgChar(lsCharBits);lsResult += lsRecgChar == null ? "?" : lsRecgChar;}return lsResult;}// 产生灰色图片private static BufferedImage getGrayPicture(BufferedImage poImg) {BufferedImage loGrayPicture;int liWidth = poImg.getWidth();int liHight = poImg.getHeight();loGrayPicture = new BufferedImage(liWidth, liHight,BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);ColorConvertOp loCco = new ColorConvertOp(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY), null);loCco.filter(poImg, loGrayPicture);return loGrayPicture;}// 获取图像bits码private static ArrayList<String> scan(BufferedImage poImg) {ArrayList<String> loResults = new ArrayList<String>();BufferedImage loGrayImg = getGrayPicture(poImg);int liWidth = loGrayImg.getWidth();int liHeight = loGrayImg.getHeight();boolean lbStarted = false;int liMinX = -1, liMinY = -1, liMaxX = -1, liMaxY = -1;ArrayList<int[]> loCharCols = new ArrayList<int[]>();for (int x = 0; x < liWidth; x++) {int[] laCol = new int[liHeight];for (int y = 0; y < liHeight; y++) {int liValue = poImg.getRGB(x, y) % 0x100;if (liValue < -THRESHOLD_BIT_EFFECT) {laCol[y] = 1;lbStarted = true;if (liMinX == -1 || liMinX > x)liMinX = x;if (liMinY == -1 || liMinY > y)liMinY = y;if (liMaxX == -1 || liMaxX < x)liMaxX = x;if (liMaxY == -1 || liMaxY < y)liMaxY = y;} elselaCol[y] = 0;}if (lbStarted) {loCharCols.add(laCol);lbStarted = false;if (x == liWidth - 1) {String lsCharBits = "";for (int i = liMinX; i <= liMaxX; i++) {int[] laColBits = loCharCols.get(i - liMinX);for (int j = liMinY; j <= liMaxY; j++) {lsCharBits += laColBits[j];}}lsCharBits += "|" + (liMaxX - liMinX + 1) + ","+ (liMaxY - liMinY + 1);loResults.add(lsCharBits);}} else {if (loCharCols.size() > 0) {String lsCharBits = "";for (int i = liMinX; i <= liMaxX; i++) {int[] laColBits = loCharCols.get(i - liMinX);for (int j = liMinY; j <= liMaxY; j++) {lsCharBits += laColBits[j];}}lsCharBits += "|" + (liMaxX - liMinX + 1) + ","+ (liMaxY - liMinY + 1);loResults.add(lsCharBits);liMinX = -1;liMinY = -1;liMaxX = -1;liMaxY = -1;loCharCols = new ArrayList<int[]>();}}}return loResults;}// 字库学习样本public static void study(BufferedImage poImg, String psChars) {ArrayList<String> loResults = scan(poImg);if (loResults.size() == psChars.length()) {char[] laChars = psChars.toCharArray();for (int i = 0; i < laChars.length; i++)try {DBOp.insertRec(String.valueOf(laChars[i]), loResults.get(i));} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}// 向量余弦值计算private static float calcCos(char[] paBits1, char[] paBits2) {float lfMolecule = 0; // 两个向量内积int liLen1 = 0, liLen2 = 0; // 两个向量的长度for (int i = 0; i < paBits1.length; i++) {int liBit1 = Integer.parseInt("" + paBits1[i]);int liBit2 = Integer.parseInt("" + paBits2[i]);lfMolecule += liBit1 & liBit2;liLen1 += liBit1;liLen2 += liBit2;}float lfLen1 = (float) Math.sqrt(liLen1);float lfLen2 = (float) Math.sqrt(liLen2);float lfDenominator = lfLen1 * lfLen2;return lfDenominator == 0 ? 0 : lfMolecule / lfDenominator;}// 识别单一字private static String recgChar(String psBits) {String[] lsTwoParts = psBits.split("\\|");int liOffset = 0, liLimit = 50;while (true) {ArrayList<String> laBits = null;try {laBits = DBOp.getAllBits(liOffset, liLimit);} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}for (String lsBits : laBits) {String[] lsParts = lsBits.split("\\|");if (lsTwoParts[1].equals(lsParts[1])) {if (calcCos(lsTwoParts[0].toCharArray(),lsParts[0].toCharArray()) >= THRESHOLD_COS_SAME_CHAR)try {return DBOp.getCharByBits(lsBits);} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}if (laBits.size() < liLimit)break;liOffset += liLimit;}return null;}public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException,ClassNotFoundException {// 1 给出一些样本，供字库学习String[] laPics = new String[201];for (int i = 0; i < 201; i++)laPics[i] = "untitled" + i + ".png";String[] loStrs = new String[] { "piade", "eusts", "tafe", "snund","baips", "gike", "fenes", "lein", "caws", "falo", "abys","aift", "wiin", "hoeds", "pise", "hiker", "opes", "nain","tene", "nased", "loop", "eaips", "camp", "traly", "hate","noped", "coll", "rirs", "bolk", "modid", "thre", "knder","bots", "safer", "thrds", "flins", "coory", "ilper", "juyer","goll", "soar", "foen", "dewls", "slme", "flows", "baoks","plugh", "tames", "lorm", "boler", "wift", "feded", "knfer","lark", "chat", "tots", "barst", "ouard", "sots", "ouing","neory", "bave", "buab", "baces", "mebar", "baof", "badly","baast", "bages", "baed", "baue", "bager", "bogs", "baled","beree", "balds", "baamp", "baugh", "bater", "beart", "bere","caed", "daick", "cuual", "icer", "muack", "cave", "coeed","ferce", "costs", "ceam", "clen", "caer", "cast", "wace","coep", "paced", "half", "bofts", "loft", "fimy", "maaf","foeam", "falys", "bafes", "soght", "yege", "args", "kiged","geman", "stge", "geugh", "baing", "goner", "gocer", "gird","gorns", "thger", "cluth", "hern", "thts", "derch", "hook","kixed", "haown", "seach", "sath", "geve", "soaly", "wames","yaows", "vies", "marm", "trows", "yased", "zoink", "liys","evss", "soys", "tayed", "clove", "woows", "jute", "voled","fewns", "saow", "roxes", "wiyal", "roves", "fiyed", "wigs","waxes", "twter", "evrk", "evee", "piys", "voes", "zoced","werry", "velps", "eyns", "evce", "vikes", "ovat", "guve","slfe", "taes", "usice", "jaade", "knva", "saar", "cazac","bems", "hafe", "trons", "uslp", "sexed", "faed", "tild","toow", "toar", "drall", "hazes", "yaad", "seubt", "strns","buap", "redly", "shgs", "sapt", "kins", "buee", "famed","coack", "hamy", "puder", "puod", "jaons", "jarks", "poate","thlks" };for (int i = 0; i < 201; i++) {System.out.println(i);study(ImageIO.read(new File(PATH_IMGS + "\\untitled" + i + ".png")),loStrs[i]);}// 2 获取11个验证码，进行识别for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++)System.out.println(recg(ImageIO.read(new File("F:\\Projects\\Test\\tests\\untitled" + i + ".png"))));}}
字库采用SQLITE数据库存储，表结构如下：
训练学习样本201个验证码图片：
测试图片：
执行结果：
