征服 Mongodb 之 《MongoDB权威指南》读书笔记（一）
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? ? 相关文章：
? ? 关于如何安装、配置、启动MongoDB等，参考上篇文章。
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? ? 类似于MySQL登录，可参考如下命令：
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# mongo --helpMongoDB shell version: 2.0.7usage: mongo [options] [db address] [file names (ending in .js)]db address can be: foo foo database on local machine 192.169.0.5/foo foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine 192.169.0.5:9999/foo foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine on port 9999options: --shell run the shell after executing files --nodb don't connect to mongod on startup - no 'db address' arg expected --norc will not run the ".mongorc.js" file on start up --quiet be less chatty --port arg port to connect to --host arg server to connect to --eval arg evaluate javascript -u [ --username ] arg username for authentication -p [ --password ] arg password for authentication -h [ --help ] show this usage information --version show version information --verbose increase verbosity --ipv6 enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)file names: a list of files to run. files have to end in .js and will exit after unless --shell is specified?
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? ? 譬如，我经常这么用，一步到位：
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# mongo 10.11.20.140/zlexMongoDB shell version: 2.0.7connecting to: 10.11.20.140/zlex>?
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?查看当前数据库/切换数据库? ??# mongo MongoDB shell version: 2.0.7connecting to: test> dbtest> use zlexswitched to db zlex>?
> show collectionssystem.indexestestuser??? system.indexes索引信息
? ? test、user是数据表
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?查看当前数据库、表状态
> db.stats(){ "db" : "test", "collections" : 6, "objects" : 16, "avgObjSize" : 44.75, "dataSize" : 716, "storageSize" : 32768, "numExtents" : 6, "indexes" : 4, "indexSize" : 32704, "fileSize" : 201326592, "nsSizeMB" : 16, "ok" : 1}> db.blog.stats(){ "ns" : "test.blog", "count" : 0, "size" : 0, "storageSize" : 8192, "numExtents" : 1, "nindexes" : 1, "lastExtentSize" : 8192, "paddingFactor" : 1.56, "flags" : 1, "totalIndexSize" : 8176, "indexSizes" : { "_id_" : 8176 }, "ok" : 1}? ?PS：MongoDB 1.8支持16MB的消息长度
> db.help()DB methods: db.addUser(username, password[, readOnly=false]) db.auth(username, password) db.cloneDatabase(fromhost) db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost) db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } ) db.currentOp() displays the current operation in the db db.dropDatabase() db.eval(func, args) run code server-side db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname db.getCollectionNames() db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object db.getMongo() get the server connection object db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow this connection to read from the nonmaster member of a replica pair db.getName() db.getPrevError() db.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated db.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold db.getReplicationInfo() db.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one db.isMaster() check replica primary status db.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db db.listCommands() lists all the db commands db.logout() db.printCollectionStats() db.printReplicationInfo() db.printSlaveReplicationInfo() db.printShardingStatus() db.removeUser(username) db.repairDatabase() db.resetError() db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command. if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 } db.serverStatus() db.setProfilingLevel(level,<slowms>) 0=off 1=slow 2=all db.shutdownServer() db.stats() db.version() current version of the server db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a replication slave server db.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups db.fsyncUnock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock()> ?
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> post = {"title":"My Blog Post",... "content":"Here's my blog post.",... "date":new Date()}{ "title" : "My Blog Post", "content" : "Here's my blog post.", "date" : ISODate("2013-01-23T05:29:08.151Z")}> db.blog.insert(post)> Read——find/findOne> db.blog.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("50ff75376201fe04d53e42ed"), "title" : "My Blog Post", "content" : "Here's my blog post.", "date" : ISODate("2013-01-23T05:29:08.151Z") }? ? ?当前，我们只插入了一条记录，所以使用find函数只会取到一条记录。> db.blog.find({"title":"My Blog Post"}){ "_id" : ObjectId("50ff75376201fe04d53e42ed"), "title" : "My Blog Post", "content" : "Here's my blog post.", "date" : ISODate("2013-01-23T05:29:08.151Z") }? ? 如果条件符合，将会有多条数据。> db.stats(){ "db" : "test", "collections" : 6, "objects" : 16, "avgObjSize" : 44.75, "dataSize" : 716, "storageSize" : 32768, "numExtents" : 6, "indexes" : 4, "indexSize" : 32704, "fileSize" : 201326592, "nsSizeMB" : 16, "ok" : 1}> db.blog.stats(){ "ns" : "test.blog", "count" : 0, "size" : 0, "storageSize" : 8192, "numExtents" : 1, "nindexes" : 1, "lastExtentSize" : 8192, "paddingFactor" : 1.56, "flags" : 1, "totalIndexSize" : 8176, "indexSizes" : { "_id_" : 8176 }, "ok" : 1} ? ??_id是记录中的主键，默认是ObjectId类型，类似的还有_class，作为类路径名。
Delete——remove> db.blog.remove({"title" : "My Blog Post"})> db.blog.find({"title" : "My Blog Post"})> ? ? ?如果不加条件，就是全部删除。
{"x":null}{"x":undefined}?
{"x":new Date()}{"x":["a", "b", "c"]}{"x":{"name":"zlex"}}{"x": function(){/* ... */}}{"x": /foobar/i}