quartz定时任务使用
spring quartz（定时任务例子）
一.Quartz介绍
???? Quartz是一个作业调度系统（a job scheduling system），负责在约定的时间到达时执行（或通知）其他软件控制。是一个Java的定时任务框架，使用它可以方便的实现计划任务，即在某个时间或每隔一定时间运行一个任务。Quartz的核心是Job/JobDetail,Trigger和Scheduler。
??? 1.Job/JobDetail
?????? Job/JobDetail=既要执行的任务，可以通过实现Job（interface）中的excute方法来指定任务的具体操作。 他描述了一个任务具体的信息，比如名称，组名等等。JobDetail对象是在Quartz的客户端（我们的程序）在Job被关联加入到Scheduler时创建的，JobDetail包含了Job的各种属性值和?? JobDataMap，JobDataMap中存放了与之相关的Job类实例的状态信息。
??? 2.Trigger
?????? 用于控制一组Job的触发，包裹SimmperTrigger和CronTrigger，后者支持一种描述触发事件和间隔的表达式语言。Quartz有个很好的想法就是分离了任务和任务执行的条件。Trigger就是控制任务执行条件的类，当Trigger认为执行条件满足的时刻，Trigger会通知相关的Job去执行。分离的好处是：
??????????? 1).你可以为某个Job关联多个Trigger，其中任何一个条件满足都可以触发job执行，这样可以完成一些组合的高级触发条件
??????????? 2).当Trigger失效后（比如：一个永远都不能满足的条件），你不必去声明一个新的job，代替的是你可以为job关联一个新的Trigger让job可以继续执行。
??
??? 3.Scheduler是控制和管理触发器的启动和终止。
?????? 使用Scheduler前必须实例化Scheduler，需要由SchedulerFactory类来创建Scheduler,Factory的实例可以通过在JNDI存储中的Factory的序列化的方式获取，实例化Factory后直接使用该实例很容易。如下：
?????? public class WangyouQuartzListener extends QuartzInitializerListener {
??????????? public? static? SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
??????????? public WangyouQuartzListener() {
?????????????????????? super();
??????????? }
?????????? public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
??????????????????? super.contextInitialized(event);
??????????????????? String factoryKey = event.getServletContext().getInitParameter("servlet-context-factory-key");
???????????????????? if (factoryKey == null) {
?????????????????????????????? factoryKey = QUARTZ_FACTORY_KEY;
????????????????????? }
????????????????????? StdSchedulerFactory factory = (StdSchedulerFactory) event.getServletContext().getAttribute(factoryKey);
?????????????????? try {
???????????????????????? QuartzScheduleHolder.getInstance().setScheduler(factory.getScheduler());
?????????????????????? //per 2 hours add friends
?????????????????????? Trigger trigger =? TriggerUtils.makeHourlyTrigger(24);
?????????????????????? //Trigger trigger =? TriggerUtils.makeSecondlyTrigger(60);
?????????????????????? trigger.setName(AddNewUserFriendJobDetail.JOB_NAME);
????????????????????? trigger.setStartTime(this.getBeforeAfterDate(1,-13));
????????????????????? QuartzScheduleHolder.getInstance().getScheduler().scheduleJob(new AddNewUserFriendJobDetail(),trigger);
????????????????????? //把job和Trigger关联，这样当Trigger认为应该触发的时候就会调用（实际上是Scheduler调用）job.execute方法了。
????????????????????? //per 3 day send mail and leave message
????????????????????? Trigger trigger2 =? TriggerUtils.makeHourlyTrigger(24*3);
????????????????????? trigger2.setStartTime(this.getBeforeAfterDate(1,-12));
????????????????????? trigger2.setName(LeaveMessageNewUserJobDetail.JOB_NAME);
????????????????????? QuartzScheduleHolder.getInstance().getScheduler().scheduleJob(new LeaveMessageNewUserJobDetail(),trigger2);
?????????????????????? // per 6? recommend video
????????????????????? Trigger trigger3 =? TriggerUtils.makeHourlyTrigger(24*7);
????????????????????? trigger3.setName(RecommendVideoNewUserJobDetail.JOB_NAME);
????????????????????? trigger3.setStartTime(this.getBeforeAfterDate(2,-11));
????????????????????? QuartzScheduleHolder.getInstance().getScheduler().scheduleJob(new RecommendVideoNewUserJobDetail(),trigger3);
???????????
???????????????????????? QuartzScheduleHolder.getInstance().getScheduler().start();
?????????????????? } catch (Exception e) {
??????????????????????? e.printStackTrace();
?????????????????? }
????????????? }
???????????? public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
?????????????????? super.contextDestroyed(event);
???????????????????? QuartzScheduleHolder.getInstance().setScheduler(null);
???????????? }
????????????? private Date getBeforeAfterDate( int day,int hour){
?????????????????????? Calendar?? cal?? =?? Calendar.getInstance();
????????????????????? cal.add(Calendar.DATE,day);
???????????????????? cal.add(Calendar.HOUR,hour);
???????????????????? return cal.getTime();
???????????? }
?????????? }
二。Spring Quartz
????? Spring的scheduling。quartz包中对Quartz的框架进行封装，使得开发时不用写任何Quartz和Spring的代码就可以实现定时任务。Spring通过JobDetailBean，MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean实现Job的定义，后者更加使用，只需指定要运行的类，和该类中运行的方法即可，Spring将自动生成符合Quartz要求的JobDetail。例如：
????? 1.jobDetail
???????? public class SayHelloJob {
???
?????????????????? private static? DateFormat dateFormat =new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
?????????????????? private String message;
?????????????????? public String getMessage() {
?????????????????????????? return message;
????????????????? }
????????????????? public void setMessage(String message) {
??????????????????????????? this.message = message;
???????????????? }
???????????????? public void sayHello(){
????????????????????????? Date date = new Date();
???????????????????????? System.out.println(dateFormat.format(date)+" :"+this.getMessage() );
???????????????? }
????????? }
?????? 2.spring的配置文件：quartzbean.xml
?????????? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
?????????? <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
??????????????????? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
??????????????????? xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
??????????????????? <bean name="sayHelloJob" value="start .............." />
?????????????????? </bean>
?????????????????? <bean name="sayHelloDetailBean" ref="sayHelloJob" />
???????????????????????????? <property name="targetMethod" value="sayHello"/>
??????????????????? </bean>
?????????????????? <bean name="simpleTriggerBean" ref="sayHelloDetailBean"/>
?????????????????????????? <!--这里定义每六秒钟程序执行一次-->
???????????????????????????? <property name=""></property>
??????????????????????????? <property name="repeatInterval" value="6000"/>
?????????????????????????? <!--这里定义程序启动两秒钟后开始执行-->
???????????????????????? <property name="startDelay" value="2000"/>
??????????????????? </bean>
???????????????? <! --????????? 启动任务??? -->
?????????????????? <bean name="schedulerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
???????????????????????? <property name="triggers">
???????????????????????????? <list>
????????????????????????????????? <ref bean="simpleTriggerBean"/>
??????????????????????????? </list>
?????????????????????? </property>
????????????????? </bean>
???????????? </beans>
3.web.xml ：
??????????? 加入
?????????? <listener>
???????????? <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
?????????? </listener>
?????? 注意：common-collections.jar 版本布不能是2.1版本的
