2011年博思考试英语语法复习之与格动词
? 1.与格动词或称授与动词是需要两个宾语的完全及物动词。通常其中指事物的称为直接宾语，指人的称为间接宾语。 2.由与格动词构成的句型主要有两种，通常可以相互转换。 句型1：主语+与格动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 句型2：主语+与格动词+直接宾语+介系词+间接宾语。 I am writing my cousin a letter. I am writing a letter to my cousin. 我正在给我表姊写信。 my cousin是间接宾语，指动作发出的对象，用宾格;a letter是直接宾语，是动作wrote的接受者。 She had ever taught me English before she went study abroad. 她出国前曾教过我英语。 me是间接宾语，指动作发出的对象，用宾格;English是直接宾语，是动作taught的接受者。 My mother bought me some interesting English learning VCDs. 我妈妈给我买了一些英语学习的光盘! bought是与格动词，后接间接宾语me和直接宾语some interesting English learning vcds. You had better leave your parents a note. You had better leave a note to your parents. 你最好给你父母留张便条儿。 leave是与格动词，后接间接宾语your parents和直接宾语a note. He bought his wife a diamond necklace yesterday. He bought a diamond necklace for his wife yesterday. 他昨天给他妻子买了一条钻石项链。 bought是与格动词，后接间接宾语his wife和直接宾语 a diamond necklace. He flew me a kiss when I said hello to him. 我向他打招呼时，他给了我一个飞吻。 His relations were very sympathetic towards him， but did not offer him any financial help. 他的亲戚们非常同情他，但没有给他任何经济援助。 Mr. Lee gave his son a good ticking-off because he had been staying out too late at night. 李先生因为儿子晚上在外面一直呆到很晚而狠狠责备了他一顿。 His father allows him a hundred dollars a week for his pocket money. 他的父亲每星期给他一百元作为零用钱。 This book will save you a great deal of trouble and time. 这本书将省去你许多麻烦和时间。 He taught me how to improve my English. 他教我如何使我的英语有进步。 I will tell them the reason of my leaving and the time of my return. 好。我要告诉他们我出去的原因和我回家的时间。 tell是与格动词，后接间接宾语them和直接宾语the reason of my leaving and the time of my return. Don't tell her (that) I told you (that) she had told me. 不要告诉她我把她告诉我的告诉了你。 Ask him when he will come or whether he will come at all. 问问他什么时候来，或到底来不来。 I have to phone mom my late return. 我必须打电话告诉妈妈我晚回去。 leave是与格动词，后接间接宾语mom和直接宾语my late return. 3.有些与格动词可应用于另外一种句型：主语+与格动词+间接宾语+介系词+直接宾语。在这种句型中：介系词及其后的直接宾语在句中对间接宾语起补述、修饰作用。 Or she will blame me for my unpunctuality. 否则她要责备我不守时了。 此处介系词for及其后的直接宾语my unpunctuality对间接宾语 me起补述修饰作用。 He blamed her for her greediness. 他责骂她的贪婪。 此处介系词for及其后的直接宾语her greediness对间接受词 her起补述修饰作用。
