了解spring AOP
此前对于AOP的使用仅限于声明式事务,除此之外在实际开发中也没有遇到过与之相关的问题。最近项目中遇到了以下几点需求,仔细思考之后,觉得采用AOP 来解决。一方面是为了以更加灵活的方式来解决问题,另一方面是借此机会深入学习Spring AOP相关的内容。本文是权当本人的自己AOP学习笔记,以下需求不用AOP肯定也能解决,至于是否牵强附会,仁者见仁智者见智。
1.对部分函数的调用进行日志记录,用于观察特定问题在运行过程中的函数调用情况
2.监控部分重要函数,若抛出指定的异常,需要以短信或邮件方式通知相关人员
3.金控部分重要函数的执行时间
事实上,以上需求没有AOP也能搞定,只是在实现过程中比较郁闷摆了。
1.需要打印日志的函数分散在各个包中,只能找到所有的函数体,手动添加日志。然而这些日志都是临时的,待问题解决之后应该需要清除打印日志的代码,只能再次手动清除^_^!
2.类似1的情况,需要捕获异常的地方太多,如果手动添加时想到很可能明天又要手动清除,只能再汗。OK,该需求相对比较固定,属于长期监控的范畴,并不需求临时添加后再清除。然而,客户某天要求,把其中20%的异常改为短信提醒,剩下的80%改用邮件提醒。改之,两天后,客户抱怨短信太多,全部改成邮件提醒...
3.该需求通常用于监控某些函数的执行时间,用以判断系统执行慢的瓶颈所在。瓶颈被解决之后,烦恼同情况1
终于下定决心,采用AOP来解决!代码如下:
切面类TestAspect
package com.spring.aop;/** * 切面 * */public class TestAspect { public void doAfter(JoinPoint jp) { System.out.println("log Ending method: " + jp.getTarget().getClass().getName() + "." + jp.getSignature().getName()); } public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable { long time = System.currentTimeMillis(); Object retVal = pjp.proceed(); time = System.currentTimeMillis() - time; System.out.println("process time: " + time + " ms"); return retVal; } public void doBefore(JoinPoint jp) { System.out.println("log Begining method: " + jp.getTarget().getClass().getName() + "." + jp.getSignature().getName()); } public void doThrowing(JoinPoint jp, Throwable ex) { System.out.println("method " + jp.getTarget().getClass().getName() + "." + jp.getSignature().getName() + " throw exception"); System.out.println(ex.getMessage()); } private void sendEx(String ex) { //TODO 发送短信或邮件提醒 }} package com.spring.service;/** * 接口A */public interface AService { public void fooA(String _msg); public void barA();}package com.spring.service;/** *接口A的实现类 */public class AServiceImpl implements AService { public void barA() { System.out.println("AServiceImpl.barA()"); } public void fooA(String _msg) { System.out.println("AServiceImpl.fooA(msg:"+_msg+")"); }}package com.spring.service;/** * Service类B */public class BServiceImpl { public void barB(String _msg, int _type) { System.out.println("BServiceImpl.barB(msg:"+_msg+" type:"+_type+")"); if(_type == 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException("测试异常"); } public void fooB() { System.out.println("BServiceImpl.fooB()"); }}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" default-autowire="autodetect"> <aop:config> <aop:aspect id="TestAspect" ref="aspectBean"> <!--配置com.spring.service包下所有类或接口的所有方法--> <aop:pointcut id="businessService" expression="execution(* com.spring.service.*.*(..))" /> <aop:before pointcut-ref="businessService" method="doBefore"/> <aop:after pointcut-ref="businessService" method="doAfter"/> <aop:around pointcut-ref="businessService" method="doAround"/> <aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="businessService" method="doThrowing" throwing="ex"/> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> <bean id="aspectBean" /> <bean id="aService" name="code">public class AOPTest extends AbstractDependencyInjectionSpringContextTests {private AService aService;private BServiceImpl bService;protected String[] getConfigLocations() {String[] configs = new String[] { "/applicationContext.xml"};return configs;}/** * 测试正常调用 */public void testCall(){System.out.println("SpringTest JUnit test");aService.fooA("JUnit test fooA");aService.barA();bService.fooB();bService.barB("JUnit test barB",0);}/** * 测试After-Throwing */public void testThrow(){try {bService.barB("JUnit call barB",1);} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}}public void setAService(AService service) {aService = service;}public void setBService(BServiceImpl service) {bService = service;}}log Begining method: com.spring.service.AServiceImpl.fooAAServiceImpl.fooA(msg:JUnit test fooA)log Ending method: com.spring.service.AServiceImpl.fooAprocess time: 0 mslog Begining method: com.spring.service.AServiceImpl.barAAServiceImpl.barA()log Ending method: com.spring.service.AServiceImpl.barAprocess time: 0 mslog Begining method: com.spring.service.BServiceImpl.fooBBServiceImpl.fooB()log Ending method: com.spring.service.BServiceImpl.fooBprocess time: 0 mslog Begining method: com.spring.service.BServiceImpl.barBBServiceImpl.barB(msg:JUnit test barB type:0)log Ending method: com.spring.service.BServiceImpl.barBprocess time: 0 mslog Begining method: com.spring.service.BServiceImpl.barBBServiceImpl.barB(msg:JUnit call barB type:1)log Ending method: com.spring.service.BServiceImpl.barBmethod com.spring.service.BServiceImpl.barB throw exception测试异常
execution(modifiers-pattern? ret-type-pattern declaring-type-pattern? name-pattern(param-pattern) throws-pattern?)
<aop:config><aop:aspect id="TestAspect" ref="aspectBean"><aop:pointcut id="businessService"expression="execution(* com.spring.service.*.*(String,..)) and args(msg,..)" /><aop:after pointcut-ref="businessService" method="doAfter"/></aop:aspect></aop:config>
public void doAfter(JoinPoint jp,String msg)