MySQL在Windows下的基本配置
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说明：本文针对mysql-noinstall版本，也就是解压缩版在Windows下的基本配置
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操作系统：???? Windows XP
MySQL版本： mysql-5.1.50-win32
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1、下载MySQL解压包 mysql-noinstall-5.1.50-win32.zip
??? 解压缩到某个目录。例如：D:\Java\mysql
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2、配置
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MySQL的根目录，里面有多个文件名如my-****.ini形式的文件，这就是MySQL配置
的样例文件。可以选取一个将其名字改为my.ini，MySQL启动的时候就是读取这个my.ini文
件来决定数据库的各项参数。
在my.ini文件中需要进行配置的主要是两个方面，一个是客户端，一个是服务器端。
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修改my.ini文件，添加以下内容：
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients[client]#password= your_password#客户端端口port= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sock# 设置mysql客户端的字符集default-character-set=gbk
# The MySQL server[mysqld]port= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sock# 设置mysql服务器的字符集default-character-set=gbk# 设置mysql的默认存储引擎default-storage-engine=INNODB # 设置mysql的安装目录 basedir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录，必须是datadatadir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32/data
?完成后保存即可。
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3、启动数据库
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为了方便，可以把数据库注册成一个服务：
进入D:\Java\mysql\mysql-5.1.50-win32\bin 目录，运行命令:
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mysqld?? --install mysql
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这样就会在系统服务中注册了一个名字为mysql的服务( mysqld --remove mysql 卸载服务)
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在环境变量path中加入 D:\Java\mysql\mysql-5.1.50-win32\bin
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然后就可以正常使用MySQL数据库了.
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启动数据库服务：
net start mysql??
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关闭服务：
net stop mysql
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4、使用MySQL数据库
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登录数据库：
输入命令：mysql -u root -p
回车后提示输入密码。
mysql解压缩版初次安装管理员root的密码为空，因此直接再回车一次就登入mysql数据库了。
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常用登录参数：
-h?? 是指定登录服务器地址，
-u?? 指定用户
-p?? 指定密码
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如果想为root用户加上密码，可以退出数据库mysql>quit，然后使用如下命令设置root用户的密码：
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mysqladmin -uroot password 123456
设定密码为123456
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至此，MySQL数据库的基本配置就完成了，可以通过客户端或是程序来使用这个数据库了。
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附：现用my.ini? (根据my-large.ini修改)
# Example MySQL config file for large systems.## This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly# MySQL.## You can copy this file to# /etc/my.cnf to set global options,# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this# installation this directory is C:\mysql\data) or# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.## In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program# with the "--help" option.# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients[client]#password= your_passwordport= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sockdefault-character-set=gbk# Here follows entries for some specific programs# The MySQL server[mysqld]port= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sockdefault-character-set=gbkdefault-storage-engine=INNODB basedir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32datadir=d:/Java/mysql/mysql-5.1.50-win32/dataskip-lockingkey_buffer_size = 256Mmax_allowed_packet = 1Mtable_open_cache = 256sort_buffer_size = 1Mread_buffer_size = 1Mread_rnd_buffer_size = 4Mmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 64Mthread_cache_size = 8query_cache_size= 16M# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrencythread_concurrency = 8# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!# #skip-networking# Replication Master Server (default)# binary logging is required for replicationlog-bin=mysql-bin# binary logging format - mixed recommendedbinlog_format=mixed# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set# but will not function as a master if omittedserver-id= 1# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)## To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between# two methods :## 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -# the syntax is:## CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;## where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).## Example:## CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';## OR## 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)## required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1# (and different from the master)# defaults to 2 if master-host is set# but will not function as a slave if omitted#server-id = 2## The replication master for this slave - required#master-host = <hostname>## The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting# to the master - required#master-user = <username>## The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to# the master - required#master-password = <password>## The port the master is listening on.# optional - defaults to 3306#master-port = <port>## binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended#log-bin=mysql-bin# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks#tmpdir= /tmp/#log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables#innodb_data_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend#innodb_log_group_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size#innodb_log_file_size = 64M#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql]no-auto-rehash# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL#safe-updates[myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 128Msort_buffer_size = 128Mread_buffer = 2Mwrite_buffer = 2M[mysqlhotcopy]interactive-timeout
