android ListView 运行速度和性能改进
ListView是一种可以显示一系列项目并能进行滚动显示的View。在每行里,既可以是简单的文本,也可以是复杂的结构。一般情况下,你都需要保证ListView运行得很好(即:渲染更快,滚动流畅)。在接下来的内容里,我将就ListView的使用,向大家提供几种解决不同性能问题的解决方案。
如果你想使用ListView,你就不得不使用ListAdapter来显示内容。SDK中,已经有了几种简单实现的Adapter:
·ArrayAdapter<T> (显示数组对象,使用toString()来显示)·SimpleAdapter (显示Maps列表)·SimpleCursorAdapter(显示通过Cursor从DB中获取的信息)
public class ImageAndText { private String imageUrl; private String text; public ImageAndText(String imageUrl, String text) { this.imageUrl = imageUrl; this.text = text; } public String getImageUrl() { return imageUrl; } public String getText() { return text; }}public class ImageAndTextListAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<ImageAndText> { public ImageAndTextListAdapter(Activity activity, List<ImageAndText> imageAndTexts) { super(activity, 0, imageAndTexts); } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { Activity activity = (Activity) getContext(); LayoutInflater inflater = activity.getLayoutInflater(); // Inflate the views from XML View rowView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.image_and_text_row, null); ImageAndText imageAndText = getItem(position); // Load the image and set it on the ImageView ImageView imageView = (ImageView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.image); imageView.setImageDrawable(loadImageFromUrl(imageAndText.getImageUrl())); // Set the text on the TextView TextView textView = (TextView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.text); textView.setText(imageAndText.getText()); return rowView; } public static Drawable loadImageFromUrl(String url) { InputStream inputStream; try { inputStream = new URL(url).openStream(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } return Drawable.createFromStream(inputStream, "src"); }}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/image" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@drawable/default_image"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/text" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> </LinearLayout>
public class AsyncImageLoader { private HashMap<String, SoftReference<Drawable>> imageCache; public AsyncImageLoader() { imageCache = new HashMap<String, SoftReference<Drawable>>(); } public Drawable loadDrawable(final String imageUrl, final ImageCallback imageCallback) { if (imageCache.containsKey(imageUrl)) { SoftReference<Drawable> softReference = imageCache.get(imageUrl); Drawable drawable = softReference.get(); if (drawable != null) { return drawable; } } final Handler handler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message message) { imageCallback.imageLoaded((Drawable) message.obj, imageUrl); } }; new Thread() { @Override public void run() { Drawable drawable = loadImageFromUrl(imageUrl); imageCache.put(imageUrl, new SoftReference<Drawable>(drawable)); Message message = handler.obtainMessage(0, drawable); handler.sendMessage(message); } }.start(); return null; } public static Drawable loadImageFromUrl(String url) { // ... } public interface ImageCallback { public void imageLoaded(Drawable imageDrawable, String imageUrl); }}public class ImageAndTextListAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<ImageAndText> { private ListView listView; private AsyncImageLoader asyncImageLoader; public ImageAndTextListAdapter(Activity activity, List<ImageAndText> imageAndTexts, ListView listView) { super(activity, 0, imageAndTexts); this.listView = listView; asyncImageLoader = new AsyncImageLoader(); } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { Activity activity = (Activity) getContext(); // Inflate the views from XML View rowView = convertView; ViewCache viewCache; if (rowView == null) { LayoutInflater inflater = activity.getLayoutInflater(); rowView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.image_and_text_row, null); viewCache = new ViewCache(rowView); rowView.setTag(viewCache); } else { viewCache = (ViewCache) rowView.getTag(); } ImageAndText imageAndText = getItem(position); // Load the image and set it on the ImageView String imageUrl = imageAndText.getImageUrl(); ImageView imageView = viewCache.getImageView(); imageView.setTag(imageUrl); Drawable cachedImage = asyncImageLoader.loadDrawable(imageUrl, new ImageCallback() { public void imageLoaded(Drawable imageDrawable, String imageUrl) { ImageView imageViewByTag = (ImageView) listView.findViewWithTag(imageUrl); if (imageViewByTag != null) { imageViewByTag.setImageDrawable(imageDrawable); } } }); imageView.setImageDrawable(cachedImage); // Set the text on the TextView TextView textView = viewCache.getTextView(); textView.setText(imageAndText.getText()); return rowView; }}public class ViewCache { private View baseView; private TextView textView; private ImageView imageView; public ViewCache(View baseView) { this.baseView = baseView; } public TextView getTextView() { if (textView == null) { textView = (TextView) baseView.findViewById(R.id.text); } return titleView; } public ImageView getImageView() { if (imageView == null) { imageView = (ImageView) baseView.findViewById(R.id.image); } return imageView; }}