小弟我使用过的Linux命令之top - 实时监视Linux任务

我使用过的Linux命令之top - 实时监视Linux任务
我使用过的Linux命令之top - 实时监视Linux任务

本文链接：http://codingstandards.iteye.com/blog/833730 ? （转载请注明出处）

top命令可以显示Linux任务情况（display Linux tasks），通常用于实时监视Linux任务情况，比如可以找出占CPU最多的进程、占内存最多的进程，查看当前系统的忙闲程度，它涵盖了uptime、free、w、ps等命令的一些功能。它以全屏幕文本方式显示了系统运行时长、当前终端数量、系统负荷、任务数、CPU占用情况、内存使用情况、各个进程的情况，还可以按CPU占用情况排序、内存使用情况排序。对于系统管理员和软件开发来说top都是一个很好的工具，特别是用于性能优化。

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格式：top

交互模式。只显示命令，而不是命令行。

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格式：top -c

交互模式。显示命令行，而不是只显示命令。这对于显示java进程有些帮助。

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格式：top -p pid

格式：top -p pid1 -p pid2

交互模式。但是只显示进程号pid对应的信息。可以指定多个pid。

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格式：top -s

交互模式。安全模式。这将去除交互命令所带来的潜在危险。非安全模式可以kill进程、改变进程优先级等。

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格式：top -b

批处理模式。可用于脚本处理。不断的输出任务信息，包括所有进程。

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格式：top -b -n n

批处理模式。输出n次。比如：top -b -n 1 只显示一次top信息。

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交互方式常用指令

M（shift+M） 按内存占用情况排序。可以找出占CPU多的进程来。

P（shift+P）?? 按PCU占用情况排序。可以找出占内存多的进程来。

1 （数字1）??? 切换显示每个CPU的详细情况/显示CPU的总体情况。较低版本的top命令，默认把所有的CPU都显示出来了；较高版本的只显示CPU总体情况。

q?????????????????? 退出。

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[root@web ~]# top

top - 09:57:09 up 125 days, 13:38,? 4 users,? load average: 0.13, 0.05, 0.14
Tasks: 144 total,?? 1 running, 138 sleeping,?? 0 stopped,?? 5 zombie
Cpu(s):? 1.0%us,? 0.5%sy,? 0.0%ni, 97.6%id,? 0.5%wa,? 0.1%hi,? 0.2%si,? 0.0%st
Mem:?? 4075420k total,? 3924736k used,?? 150684k free,?? 176312k buffers
Swap:? 5406712k total,????? 112k used,? 5406600k free,? 2150380k cached

? PID USER????? PR? NI? VIRT? RES? SHR S %CPU %MEM??? TIME+? COMMAND???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
29115 root????? 15?? 0? 2332? 968? 720 R? 2.0? 0.0?? 0:00.01 top???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 1 root????? 15?? 0? 2072? 632? 540 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:49.30 init??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 2 root????? RT? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:03.06 migration/0???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 3 root????? 34? 19???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.71 ksoftirqd/0???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 4 root????? RT? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 watchdog/0????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 5 root????? RT? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0? 15:01.52 migration/1???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 6 root????? 34? 19???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:05.64 ksoftirqd/1???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 7 root????? RT? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 watchdog/1????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 8 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:04.82 events/0??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 9 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0? 26:55.92 events/1??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? 10 root????? 11? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:09.14 khelper???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? 11 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.08 kthread???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? 15 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 9:04.05 kblockd/0?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? 16 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0 134:42.49 kblockd/1?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? 17 root????? 14? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 kacpid????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 145 root????? 14? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 cqueue/0??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 146 root????? 14? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 cqueue/1??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 149 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 khubd?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 151 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 kseriod???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 219 root????? 20?? 0???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:03.01 khungtaskd????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 222 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:34.93 kswapd0???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 223 root????? 14? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 aio/0?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 224 root????? 14? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 aio/1?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 396 root????? 11? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 kpsmoused?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 426 root????? 13? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 ata/0?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 427 root????? 13? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 ata/1?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 428 root????? 13? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 ata_aux???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 432 root????? 13? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 scsi_eh_0?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 433 root????? 12? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 scsi_eh_1?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 434 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 scsi_eh_2?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 435 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 scsi_eh_3?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 439 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 scsi_eh_4?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 440 root????? 10? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 scsi_eh_5?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 444 root????? 12? -5???? 0??? 0??? 0 S? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00.00 kstriped??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

q
[root@web ~]#

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文件mytop.sh。只需要将需要监视的进程命令行特征保存到KEYS中即可。

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示例三 批处理模式
[root@smsgw root]# top -b -n 1 >top.txt
[root@smsgw root]# wc -l top.txt
??? 728 top.txt
[root@smsgw root]# less top.txt


?10:44:12? up 340 days, 17:29,? 5 users,? load average: 0.41, 0.11, 0.03
713 processes: 708 sleeping, 1 running, 4 zombie, 0 stopped
CPU states:? cpu??? user??? nice? system??? irq? softirq? iowait??? idle
?????????? total??? 0.0%??? 0.0%??? 1.1%?? 0.0%???? 0.0%??? 0.0%?? 98.8%
?????????? cpu00??? 0.0%??? 0.0%??? 0.0%?? 0.0%???? 0.0%??? 0.0%? 100.0%
?????????? cpu01??? 0.0%??? 0.0%??? 0.0%?? 0.0%???? 0.0%??? 0.0%? 100.0%
?????????? cpu02??? 0.0%??? 0.0%??? 0.0%?? 0.0%???? 0.0%??? 0.0%? 100.0%
?????????? cpu03??? 0.0%??? 0.0%??? 4.7%?? 0.0%???? 0.0%??? 0.0%?? 95.2%
Mem:? 2053816k av, 2028696k used,?? 25120k free,?????? 0k shrd,? 160236k buff
?????????????????? 1260028k actv,? 237468k in_d,?? 32116k in_c
Swap: 2044056k av, 1190484k used,? 853572k free????????????????? 366668k cached

? PID USER???? PRI? NI? SIZE? RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM?? TIME CPU COMMAND
16039 root????? 20?? 0? 2004 2004?? 876 R???? 1.1? 0.0?? 0:00?? 3 top
??? 1 root????? 15?? 0?? 220? 188?? 160 S???? 0.0? 0.0?? 2:09?? 2 init
??? 2 root????? RT?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 0 migration/0
??? 3 root????? RT?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 1 migration/1
??? 4 root????? RT?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 2 migration/2
??? 5 root????? RT?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 3 migration/3
??? 6 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 0 keventd
??? 7 root????? 34? 19???? 0??? 0???? 0 SWN?? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 0 ksoftirqd/0
??? 8 root????? 34? 19???? 0??? 0???? 0 SWN?? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 1 ksoftirqd/1
??? 9 root????? 34? 19???? 0??? 0???? 0 SWN?? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 2 ksoftirqd/2
?? 10 root????? 34? 19???? 0??? 0???? 0 SWN?? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 3 ksoftirqd/3
?? 13 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:01?? 1 bdflush
?? 11 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0? 31:07?? 2 kswapd
?? 12 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0? 72:42?? 1 kscand
?? 14 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 7:15?? 0 kupdated
?? 15 root????? 25?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 0 mdrecoveryd
?? 23 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0? 18:13?? 2 kjournald
?? 79 root????? 24?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 2 khubd
?1158 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 0 kjournald
?1159 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0? 11:04?? 3 kjournald
?1160 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 2:35?? 2 kjournald
?1161 root????? 15?? 0???? 0??? 0???? 0 SW??? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 3 kjournald
?1588 root????? 15?? 0?? 344? 340?? 260 S???? 0.0? 0.0?? 3:06?? 2 syslogd
?1592 root????? 15?? 0?? 220? 208?? 160 S???? 0.0? 0.0?? 0:00?? 1 klogd
?1603 root????? 15?? 0?? 252? 244?? 192 S???? 0.0? 0.0? 14:15?? 2 irqbalance
top.txt 
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[root@smsgw root]#
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问题思考相关资料
【1】Javava?? linux top命令详解?? 
【2】LinuxTone?? linux top命令详解?? 
【3】互动百科?? linux top
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返回 我使用过的Linux命令系列总目录
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