列分开的有关问题

2012-03-15

列分开的问题SQL codedeclare @test table(P nvarchar(10), C nvarchar(10), MCU nvarchar(10), RUL int)i

列分开的问题

SQL code

declare @test table(P nvarchar(10), C nvarchar(10), MCU nvarchar(10), RUL int)insert @test select 'A','A1','10',5 union allselect 'A','A1','80',10 union allselect 'B','B1','10',5 union allselect 'B','B1','70',12 union allselect 'B','B1','80',20 P    C    MCU    RULA    A1    10    5A    A1    80    10B    B1    10    5B    B1    70    12B    B1    80    20上面的原始数据P和C是一一对应的,唯一的不同就是MCU和RUl两个字段.一般情况下MCU只有三种不同的情况(如P字段为B时的情况)希望得到如下的结果(TOTAL字段为sum(RUL))P    C    MCU1    RUL1    MCU2    RUL2    MCU3    RUL3    TOTALA    A1    10    5    80    10                 15B    B1    10    5    70    12    80    20      37我刚开始是把原始数据转换成P    C    MCU            RULA    A1    10,80            5,10B    B1    10,70,80    5,12,20然后在对其进行字符串截取,但是这种做法不好弄.各位大侠有没有其他办法

[解决办法]
表a
name num
aa 1
bb 2
cc 4
dd 4
ee 2
一条语句实现如下:
name
aa,bb,cc,dd,ee
DECLARE @STR VARCHAR(8000)
SELECT @STR=ISNULL(@STR+',','')+name FROM (SELECT DISTINCT NAME FROM A)AS T
SELECT @STR
问题描述：
无论是在sql 2000，还是在sql 2005 中,都没有提供字符串的聚合函数，
所以，当我们在处理下列要求时，会比较麻烦：
有表tb, 如下：
id value
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果：
id values
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即，group by id, 求value 的和（字符串相加）
1. 旧的解决方法
-- 1. 创建处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar(8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value
FROM tb
WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')
END
GO
-- 调用函数
SELECt id, values=dbo.f_str(id)
FROM tb
GROUP BY id
-- 2. 新的解决方法
-- 示例数据
DECLARE @t TABLE(id int, value varchar(10))
INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc'
-- 查询处理
SELECT *FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Id FROM @t)A
OUTER APPLY(
SELECT [values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
( SELECT value FROM @t N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N
/*--结果
id values
----------- ----------------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
--*/
--各种字符串分函数
--3.3.1 使用游标法进行字符串合并处理的示例。
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
--合并处理
--定义结果集表变量
DECLARE @t TABLE(col1 varchar(10),col2 varchar(100))
--定义游标并进行合并处理
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT col1,col2 FROM tb ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1_old varchar(10),@col1 varchar(10),@col2 int,@s varchar(100)
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
SELECT @col1_old=@col1,@s=''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF @col1=@col1_old
SELECT @s=@s+','+CAST(@col2 as varchar)
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
SELECT @s=','+CAST(@col2 as varchar),@col1_old=@col1
END
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
END
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
--显示结果并删除测试数据
SELECT * FROM @t
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
--3.3.2 使用用户定义函数，配合SELECT处理完成字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1

UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
GO
--合并处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar(10))
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar(100)
SET @re=''
SELECT @re=@re+','+CAST(col2 as varchar)
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN(STUFF(@re,1,1,''))
END
GO
--调用函数
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*--结果
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
--3.3.3 使用临时表实现字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
--合并处理
SELECT col1,col2=CAST(col2 as varchar(100))
INTO #t FROM tb
ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1 varchar(10),@col2 varchar(100)
UPDATE #t SET
@col2=CASE WHEN @col1=col1 THEN @col2+','+col2 ELSE col2 END,
@col1=col1,
col2=@col2
SELECT * FROM #t
/*--更新处理后的临时表
col1 col2
a 1
a 1,2
b 1
b 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--得到最终结果
SELECT col1,col2=MAX(col2) FROM #t GROUP BY col1
/*--结果
col1 col2
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb,#t
GO
--3.3.4.1 每组<=2 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3
--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=1 THEN ''
ELSE ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
END
FROM tb
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ----------
a 1,2
b 1,2
c 3
--*/
--3.3.4.2 每组<=3 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3
--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=3 THEN ','
+CAST((SELECT col2 FROM tb WHERE col1=a.col1 AND col2 NOT IN(MAX(a.col2),MIN(a.col2))) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)>=2 THEN ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
FROM tb a
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ------------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
c 3
--*/
GO
if not object_id('A') is null
drop table A
Go
Create table A([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(2))
Insert A
select 1,N'张三' union all
select 2,N'李四' union all
select 3,N'王五' union all
select 4,N'蔡六'
Go
--> -->

if not object_id('B') is null
drop table B
Go
Create table B([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(5))
Insert B
select 1,N'1,2,3' union all
select 2,N'3,4'
Go
create function F_str(@cname nvarchar(100))
returns nvarchar(100)
as
begin
select @cname=replace(@cname,ID,[cname]) from A where patindex('%,'+rtrim(ID)+',%',','+@cname+',')>0
return @cname
end
go
select [id],dbo.F_str([cname])[cname] from B

id cname
1 张三,李四,王五
2 王五,蔡六

(2 個資料列受到影響)
我现在有一字段值为:a,b,c
分隔符为逗号.
我现在想实现目地值为:
字段:
id name
1 a
2 b
3 c
在SQL中咋实现呢?
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = 'a1,b1,c2,d1,e3,f5'

set @str = 'select name='''+replace(@str,',',''''+' union all select ''')+''''
set @str='select id=identity(int,1,1),name into #temp from ('+@str+') a select * from #temp drop table #temp'
exec(@str)
--参考:
CREATE TABLE TB(ID VARCHAR(6), COLOR NVARCHAR(30))
INSERT TB
SELECT '173160', N'#特深蓝色,#特深蓝色' UNION ALL
SELECT '173160', N'#特深蓝色,#特深蓝色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色' UNION ALL
SELECT '911169', N'#宝蓝色,#宝蓝色,#花灰色,#花灰色'
GO
CREATE FUNCTION F_getStr(@color nvarchar(30))
returns nvarchar(30)
as
begin
declare @str nvarchar(30),@temp nvarchar(30)
set @str=''
set @temp=''
while charindex(',', @color+',')>0
begin
set @temp=left(@color, charindex(',', @color+',')-1)
if charindex(','+@temp+',', ','+@str+',')=0
set @str=@str+','+@temp
set @color=stuff(@color, 1, charindex(',', @color+','), '')
end
return stuff(@str, 1, 1, '')
end
go
SELECT ID,dbo.F_getStr(COLOR) as COLOR FROM TB
DROP TABLE TB
DROP FUNCTION F_getStr
/*
ID COLOR
173160 #特深蓝色
173160 #特深蓝色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
911169 #宝蓝色,#花灰色
*/

[解决办法]
--sql 2000

SQL code

declare @test table(P nvarchar(10), C nvarchar(10), MCU nvarchar(10), RUL int)insert @test select 'A','A1','10',5 union allselect 'A','A1','80',10 union allselect 'B','B1','10',5 union allselect 'B','B1','70',12 union allselect 'B','B1','80',20 select p , c,       max(case px when 1 then mcu else '' end) mcu1,       max(case px when 1 then ltrim(RUL) else '' end) RUL1,       max(case px when 2 then mcu else '' end) mcu2,       max(case px when 2 then ltrim(RUL) else '' end) RUL2,       max(case px when 3 then mcu else '' end) mcu3,       max(case px when 3 then ltrim(RUL) else '' end) RUL3,       sum(rul) totalfrom(  select t.* , px = (select count(1) from @test where p = t.p and mcu < t.mcu) + 1 from @test t) mgroup by p , c/*p          c          mcu1       RUL1         mcu2       RUL2         mcu3       RUL3         total       ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ------------ ---------- ------------ ----------- A          A1         10         5            80         10                                   15B          B1         10         5            70         12           80         20           37（所影响的行数为 2 行）*/
[解决办法]
CREATE   TABLE test(P nvarchar(10), C nvarchar(10), MCU nvarchar(10), RUL int)
INSERT dbo.Test
   
select 'A','A1','10',5 union all
select 'A','A1','80',10 union all
select 'B','B1','10',5 union all
select 'B','B1','70',12 union all
select 'B','B1','80',20  


go
DECLARE @s NVARCHAR(max),@i NVARCHAR(10)
SELECT TOP 1 @s='',@i=COUNT(1) FROM test GROUP BY P,C ORDER BY COUNT(1) DESC

WHILE @i>0
SELECT @s='[MCU'+@i+']=max(case when rn='+@i+' then rtrim(MCU) else '''' end),[RUL'+@i+']=max(case when rn='+@i+' then rtrim(RUL) else '''' end),'+@s,@i=@i-1
EXEC( 'select P,C,' +@s+'SumRul from (SELECT *,rn=ROW_NUMBER()OVER(PARTITION BY P,C ORDER BY P),SUM(Rul)OVER(PARTITION BY P,C) AS SumRul FROM Test AS a) as a group by P,C,SumRul')

/*
AA1105801015
BB11057012802037
*/
[解决办法]
MSSQL2005及以上版本：
SQL codecreate table t1(    P varchar(10),    C varchar(10),    MCU varchar(10),    RUL int)insert into t1select 'A','A1','10',5 union allselect 'A','A1','80',10 union allselect 'B','B1','10',5 union allselect 'B','B1','70',12 union allselect 'B','B1','80',20select * from t1;with aaa as(    select ROW_NUMBER() over(partition by P,C order by getdate()) as rowindex,* from t1),bbb as(    select a.rowindex,a.P,a.C,a.MCU as MCU1,a.RUL as RUL1,b.MCU as MCU2,b.RUL as RUL2,isnull(c.MCU,0) as MCU3,isnull(c.RUL,0) as RUL3     from aaa as a left join aaa as b on a.P=b.P and a.C=b.C and a.rowindex=b.rowindex-1     left join aaa as c on a.P=c.P and a.C=c.C and a.rowindex=c.rowindex-2)select *,RUL1+RUL2+RUL3 as Total from bbb where rowindex=1-----------------------------rowindex    P    C    MCU1    RUL1    MCU2    RUL2    MCU3    RUL3    Total1    A    A1    10    5    80    10    0    0    151    B    B1    10    5    70    12    80    20    37

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列分开的有关问题