盐酸吗啡(morphine hydrochloride)10mg/次,皮上注射。极量:口服30mg/次,100mg/日。皮下注射20mg/次,60mg/日。
磷酸可待因(codeine phosphate)15~30mg/次,3次/日。极量:0.1mg/次,0.25mg/日,口服。
阿片酊(tincture opium)含吗啡约1%,乙醇3%。0.3~1ml/次,3次/日,口服。极量:2ml/次,6ml/日。
复方樟脑酊(tincture comphor co)每100ml含阿片酊5ml。常用量2~5ml/次(相当于吗啡1~2.5mg),3次/日。用于腹泻、腹痛及镇咳。
盐酸哌替啶(pethidine hydrochloride)100mg/次,肌内注射。极量:150mg/次,600mg/日。
安那度(anadol)10~20mg/次,皮下注射或肌内注射。极量:30mg/次,60mg/日。
盐酸美沙酮(methadone hydrochloride)5~10mg/次,2~3次/日,口服。5~10mg/次,肌内注射。
枸橼酸芬太尼(fentanyl citrate)0.05~0.1mg/次,皮下或肌内注射。
盐酸喷他佐辛(pentazocine hydrochloride)50mg/次,口服。
乳酸喷他佐辛(pentazocine lactate)30mg/次,皮下注射或肌内注射。
盐酸二氢埃托啡(dihydroetorphine hydrochloride)20-40μg/次,180μg/日,舌下含用,10~20μg/次,90μg/日,肌内注射。