分词作定语。例如：
Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. (在该句中，gas 后紧跟一个过去分词结构做其后置定语，表示一种被动状态，说明gas是被如何运输的。)
The girl standing there was crying.(在该句中，standing there作the girl 的后置定语，且使用现在分词形式表主动。)
分词作状语。例如：
He glanced over at her, nothing that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (在该句中，逗号后紧跟一个noting引导的分词结构，作glanced over at her的伴随状语，表示同时进行的动作。)
He fired, killing one of the passers-by.(在该句中，killing…引导一个现在分词结构，作fired的结果状语。)
Being tired with the work, he sat down to rest.(在该句中，分词结构Being tired with the work作原因状语，提前说明后续动作的原因。)
