一般单数名词情况 词尾加-’s my father’s hat
以“s”结尾的复数名词 只加-’ the students’ readingroom
不以“s”结尾的复数名词 加-’s the children’s palace
人名以“s”结尾 加-’ 或-’s Engels’/Engels’s works
以〔,,z、t,d〕结尾的 加-’s(读〔iz〕) Marx’s childhood
并列名词各自所有 各名词后加-’s Lily’s and Mary’s rooms
并列名词共有 最后的名词后加-’s LiLy and Mary’s room
无生命的词 时间 词尾加-’(s) today’s newspaper
距离 词尾加-’(s) three hours’ ride
地点 词尾加-’(s) China’s population
金钱价值 词尾加-’(s) 2,000 dollars’ worth
量度 词尾加-’(s) fifty pounds’ weight
其他 用of所有格注意词序 the windows of the room
(三)代词
1.代词分类表:英语中代词有九类,用来指代名词或上、下文中的词,词组或句子。
序
号 数
人
种 称
类 单数 复数
一 二 三 一 二 三
1 人称
代词 主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us you them
2 物主
代词 形容
词性 my your his her its our your their
名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
3 反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
4 指示代词 this that these those
5 不定代词 指代人 somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one, everybody, everyone
事物 something, anything, nothing, everything
指代人或物事 one, another, each, every, much, either, neither, little, a little ones, others, the others, both,few, a few, many, several
some, any, no, all, other, the other, none, a lot(of), such
6 相互代词 each other, one another, each other’s,one another’s
7 疑问代词 who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever), which(ever), what(ever)
8 连接代词 who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever), which(ever), what(ever)
9 关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2.人称代词用法表:
序号 作用 用法说明 例 句
1 作主语 用主格 Does he enjoy listening to music?
2 作表语 指主语用主格 Was it she who saw the white cat?
指宾语用宾格 I believe the writer to be him.
3 作宾语 用宾格 These books belong to them.
注意:
(1)代词并列时,排列顺序为“二,三,一”人称,如:“you,he and I”;“him and me”。
(2)人称代词常在名词后,但“you”在名词前,如:“you, Tom and I”。
(3)其他种类代词在“人称代词”后,如:“he and some others”。
(4)口语中,宾格作表语,如:“It’s me.”。