基本信息·出版社：外语教学与研究出版社 ·页码：310 页 ·出版日期：2009年07月 ·ISBN：7560081444/9787560081441 ·条形码：9787560081441 ·版本：第 ...
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语音学教程(第5版)(附光盘1张) |
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语音学教程(第5版)(附光盘1张) |
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基本信息·出版社：外语教学与研究出版社
·页码：310 页
·出版日期：2009年07月
·ISBN：7560081444/9787560081441
·条形码：9787560081441
·版本：第5版
·装帧：平装
·开本：16
·正文语种：英语
·丛书名：当代国外语言学应用语言学文库
·外文书名：A Course in Phonetics
内容简介 《语音学教程(第5版)》是国际著名语音学大师Peter Ladefoged教授撰写的语音学入门教材，重点介绍发音语音学，同时也着重介绍了如何在探讨发音的过程中入声学语音学和感知语音学方面的考察。《语音学教程(第5版)》自1975年初版面世以来，已历经4个版次的修订，成为使用最广、影响最大的语音学基础教材之一，此次出版的即为2006年最新修订版。书中的讲解力求简明扼要、直截了当，非常适合初学者学习。
《语音学教程(第5版)》配有一张多媒体光盘，里面有使用《语音学教程(第5版)》所需的各种图表、录音、录像以及国际音标表中所有符号的发音。光盘里还包括《语音学教程(第5版)》的姊妹篇Vowelsand Consonants一书的光盘内容，可供使用时参考。
编辑推荐 《语音学教程(第5版)》是由外语教学与研究出版社出版的。
目录 Preface
PART Ⅰ: INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS
CHAPTER I ARTICULATION AND ACOUSTICS
Speech Production
Sound Waves 5
Places of Articulatory Gestures
The Oro-Nasal Process
Manners of Articulation
The Waveforms of Consonants
The Articulation of Vowel Sounds
The Sounds of Vowels
Suprasegmentals
Exercises
CHAPTER 2 PHONOLOGY AND PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION
The Transcription of Consonants
The Transcription of Vowels
Consonant and Vowel Charts
Phonology
Exercises
Performance Exercises
PART Ⅱ: ENGLISH PHONETICS
CHAPTER 3 THE CONSONANTS OF ENGLISH
Stop Consonants
Fricatives
Affricates
Nasals
Approximants
Overlapping Gestures
Rules for English Consonant Allophones
Diacritics
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 4 ENGLISH VOWELS
Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries
Vowel Quality
Unstressed Syllables
Tense and Lax Vowels
Rules for English Vowel Allophones
Exercises
Performance Exerses
CHAPTER 5 SENGLISH WORDS AND SENTENCES
Words in Connected Speech
Stress
Degrees of Stress
Sentence Stress
Intonation
Target Tones
Exercises
Performance Exercises
PART Ⅲ: GENERAL PHONETICS
CHAPTER 6
AIRSTREAM MECHANISMS AND PHONATION TYPES
Airstream Mechanisms
States of the Glottis
Voice Onset Time
Summary of Actions of the Glottis
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 7
CONSONANTAL GESTURES
Articulatory Targets
Types of Articulatory Gestures
Summary of Manners of Articulation
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 8
ACOUSTIC PHONETICS
Formants
Acoustic Analysis
Acoustics of Consonants
InterpretingSpectrograms
Individual Differences
Exercises
CHAPTER 9
VOWELS ANO VOWEL-LIKE ARTICULATIONS
Cardinal Vowels
Secondary Cardinal Vowels
Vowels in Other Accents of English
Vowels in Other Languages
Advanced Tongue Root (ATR)
Rhotacized Vowels
Nasalization
Summary of Vowel Quality
Semivowels
Secondary Articulatory Gestures
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 10
SYLLABLES ANDSUPRASEGMENTAL FEATURES
Syllables
Stress
Length
Rhythm
Intonation and Tone
Stress, Tone, and Pitch Accent Languages
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 11
LINGUISTIC PHONETICS
Controlling Articulatory Movements
The Balance between Phonetic Forces
The International Phonetic Alphabet
Feature Hierarchy
Phonological Features
Performance Exercises
Further Reading
Additional Resources
Glossary
Sources
Index
……
文摘 插图：
no proper nouns. As before, many of the sounds occur in new combinations, which means that they have slightly different patterns. But if you start with the more obvious sounds and use your knowledge of possible English words, you should be able to succeed. Many readers of earlier editions of this book have already done so.
The spectrograms that have been used to illustrate this chapter So far are called wide-band spectrograms. They are very accurate in the time dimension. They show each vibration of the vocal folds as a separate vertical line and indi- cate the precise moment of a stop burst with a vertical spike. But they are less accurate in the frequency dimension. There are usually several component fre- quencies present in a single formant, all of them lumped together in one wide band on the spectrogram.
It is a fact of physics that one can know either fairly precisely when a sound occurred or, to a comparable degree of accuracy, what its frequency is. This should be intuitively clear when you recall that knowing the frequency of a sound involves observing the variations in air pressure over a period of time. This period of time has to be long enough to ensure observations of a number of repetitions of the variations in air pressure. You can either know that a pulse from the vocal folds has happened （producing the vertical voicing striation in all the spectrograms we have considered so far）, or, if the piece of the sound wave being analyzed contains two or three pulses of the vocal folds, you can tell how far apart they are and hence know the frequency,
Spectrograms that are more accurate in the frequency dimension （at the expense of accuracy in the time dimension） are called narrow-band spectro- grams. Figure 8.16 shows both wide- and narrow-band spectrograms of the question Is Pat sad, or mad？ In the wide-band spectrogram, there are sharp spikes at the release of each stop, for exam
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