英语阅读理解解题方法之“蒙”（三）
学会猜测阅读理解题中的生词词义
猜测词义是一种英语阅读能力，词汇是阅读理解的基础。英语阅读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。学生必须掌握教材中所学所有的单词和词组，了解构词法知识，如熟记一些常见的前缀、后缀，以及词语的合成和转化等，并且要进行大量的课外阅读扩大自己的词汇量。要阅读需要一定的词汇量，同时在大量阅读的同时，不仅可以复习学过的词汇，还可以扩大自己的词汇量。
尽管如此，在阅读中还是不可避免会遇到生词或者熟词生义，在英语阅读理解试题中猜测词义是必不可少的，因此，我们必须学会如何猜测词义。任何一个词语，在一定的上下文中只能表示一个确定的词义。据此，我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用熟悉的词或短语来猜测不熟悉的词的词义。猜测词义时，可以从以下几个方面来考虑：
1. 根据定义或解释猜测词义。例如，
A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful, too. It gives us some interesting phrases(短语).One is “to let the cat out of the bag" It is the same as “to tell the secret”…
Now when someone lets out(泄漏)a secret, he "let's the cat out of the bag".
短文后面有这样一道阅读理解题目：
John "let the cat out of the bag" means he _____.
A .makes everyone know a secret
B. puts the cats away from the bag
C. buys a cat in the bag
D. sells the cat in the bag
在这片文章里，"let the cat out of the bag"虽然是一个新出现的短语，但紧接着后面就给出解释It is the same as “to tell the secret”。根据这一解释，我们就可以判断出正确答案是A。
When I first studied English，I was told to say，“I am fine” when people say “How are you?” But in the US，I found that people say，“I am good” or “I’m tired”.
One day，someone greeted me with “What’s up?”It made me confused. I thought for a moment and then smiled because I didn’t know what to say.
What does the word “confused” in the fourth paragraph mean in Chinese?
A.困惑 B.憧憬 C.悲痛 D.后悔
在这篇文章里，“confused”虽然是一个新单词，但紧接着后面就给出解释“I thought for a moment and then smiled because I didn’t know what to say.”根据这一解释，我们就可判断出确答案应为A。
2. 根据情景和逻辑进行判断
As they go around the town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. Sometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can always tell the people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.
文章后面有这样一道阅读理解题目：
In the text, “put an end to” means_______.
A. stop B. cut C. kill D. fly
根据文章所提供的情境，如果警察看到有人在打架，他们肯定会去制止。因为制止打架斗殴是警察的职责。根据这一推理，答案就应该是A。
A recent survey shows that in modern society，most people pick up practical goals，such as “earning money to buy a house and a car”，“to improve one’s life quality”，“finding a good job”.
The Chinese meaning of the phrase “life quality” is __________.
根据文章所提供的事实，在当今社会大多数人选择现实的生活目标，例如“赚钱买房和买车，找好工作”，可以推出“to improve one’s life quality”意思是“提高生活质量”。
3. 根据同义词或反义词关系猜测词义。
There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up from under the ground．It is a large island in the Pacific Ocean．The island is North Island，in New Zealand．
What does the word “steam” mean in Chinese ?
A. 自来水 B. 大气 C. 冰川 D. 蒸汽
从语法上看，steam和hot water是并列关系，我们就可以判定这两种东西是相关的，是同一类物质。在所给四个选项中只有“蒸汽”有这种可能。
If you want to be a musician，you usually have to move to an area that has a lot of jobs，such as New York City. The cost of living in these areas is usually very high. The third disadvantage is that you can’t have a stable family life. Different jobs will take a musician to different places，so most musicians are unable to have a regular family.
What does the underlined word “stable” mean in Chinese?
A.幸福的 B.稳定的 C.健康的
从后一句话说“Different jobs will take a musician to different places，so most musicians are unable to have a regular family.”，从句中的“different places”和“regular”所以可判断B为正确答案。
相信，只要平时善于积累，并熟练运用一些解题技巧，初中英语阅读理解题就将不再是难题。同时，同学们也就可以信心满满的走向考场，“蒙”对每一篇阅读理解题后的题目。
最后，祝孩子们期末考试考出理想成绩，快快乐乐过新年！
