java多线程线程之间的控制问题
n个普通任务同时执行,某个特定任务来了,n个普通任务如果没执行完毕的话就先暂停,然后等特定任务执行完了再继续n个普通任务(接触多线程时间不多,希望能给具体的例子加以说明)。万分感谢.... 多线程 java 多任务控制
[解决办法]
这种问题CountDownLatch解决:
Java的concurrent包里面的CountDownLatch其实可以把它看作一个计数器,只不过这个计数器的操作是原子操作,同时只能有一个线程去操作这个计数器,也就是同时只能有一个线程去减这个计数器里面的值。
你可以向CountDownLatch对象设置一个初始的数字作为计数值,任何调用这个对象上的await()方法都会阻塞,直到这个计数器的计数值被其他的线程减为0为止。
CountDownLatch的一个非常典型的应用场景是:有一个任务想要往下执行,但必须要等到其他的任务执行完毕后才可以继续往下执行。假如我们这个想要继续往下执行的任务调用一个CountDownLatch对象的await()方法,其他的任务执行完自己的任务后调用同一个CountDownLatch对象上的countDown()方法,这个调用await()方法的任务将一直阻塞等待,直到这个CountDownLatch对象的计数值减到0为止。
举个例子,有三个工人在为老板干活,这个老板有一个习惯,就是当三个工人把一天的活都干完了的时候,他就来检查所有工人所干的活。记住这个条件:三个工人先全部干完活,老板才检查。所以在这里用Java代码设计两个类,Worker代表工人,Boss代表老板,具体的代码实现如下:
Java代码 收藏代码
package org.zapldy.concurrent;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class Worker implements Runnable{
private CountDownLatch downLatch;
private String name;
public Worker(CountDownLatch downLatch, String name){
this.downLatch = downLatch;
this.name = name;
}
public void run() {
this.doWork();
try{
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(new Random().nextInt(10));
}catch(InterruptedException ie){
}
System.out.println(this.name + "活干完了!");
this.downLatch.countDown();
}
private void doWork(){
System.out.println(this.name + "正在干活!");
}
}
Java代码 收藏代码
package org.zapldy.concurrent;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class Boss implements Runnable {
private CountDownLatch downLatch;
public Boss(CountDownLatch downLatch){
this.downLatch = downLatch;
}
public void run() {
System.out.println("老板正在等所有的工人干完活......");
try {
this.downLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
System.out.println("工人活都干完了,老板开始检查了!");
}
}
Java代码 收藏代码
package org.zapldy.concurrent;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class CountDownLatchDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);
Worker w1 = new Worker(latch,"张三");
Worker w2 = new Worker(latch,"李四");
Worker w3 = new Worker(latch,"王二");
Boss boss = new Boss(latch);
executor.execute(w3);
executor.execute(w2);
executor.execute(w1);
executor.execute(boss);
executor.shutdown();
}
}
当你运行CountDownLatchDemo这个对象的时候,你会发现是等所有的工人都干完了活,老板才来检查,下面是我本地机器上运行的一次结果,可以肯定的每次运行的结果可能与下面不一样,但老板检查永远是在后面的。
Java代码 收藏代码
王二正在干活!
李四正在干活!
老板正在等所有的工人干完活......
张三正在干活!
张三活干完了!
王二活干完了!
李四活干完了!
工人活都干完了,老板开始检查了!
[解决办法]
线程运行起来之后将没办法再控制其执行,这里写了些代码,但是不建议这样使用。
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
public class Test1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ThreadControl control = new ThreadControl();
control.startSpecialTask();
}
}
class ThreadControl{
private NormalTask normalTask = new NormalTask("normalTask");
private SpecialTask specialTask = new SpecialTask("specialTask");
public void startSpecialTask(){
Thread t1 = (Thread)normalTask;
t1.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ExecutorService es = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
Future<String> future = es.submit(specialTask);
SleepTask sleepTask = new SleepTask(t1);
sleepTask.start();
try {
String result = future.get();
System.out.println(result);
System.out.println("============== 基本任务继续 ==============");
sleepTask.goon();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class SleepTask extends Thread{
Thread normalTask;
boolean goon = false;
public SleepTask(Thread normalTask){
this.normalTask = normalTask;
}
public void run() {
while(true){
if(!goon){
try {
normalTask.suspend();
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
normalTask.resume();
}
}
public void goon(){
this.goon = true;
}
}
class SpecialTask implements Callable<String>{
String name;
public SpecialTask(String taskName){
this.name = taskName;
}
public String call() throws Exception {
int i = 0;
while(true){
if(i == 5){
break;
}
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
System.out.println(name + " running......");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
i++;
}
return name + " end";
}
}
class NormalTask extends Thread{
String name;
public NormalTask(String taskName){
this.name = taskName;
}
public void run() {
while(true){
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
System.out.println(name + " running......");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}