Windows socket 编程集锦

Windows socket 编程汇总一常用数据结构1 SOCKETtypedef u_intSOCKET其实就是一个无符号的整数,是一个soc

Windows socket 编程汇总

一常用数据结构1 SOCKET

typedef u_int SOCKET

其实就是一个无符号的整数,是一个socket描述符,我的理解就是 ,指向系统内核的”指针”,但这个”指针”要靠系统维护,我们只能获取,还要负责释放.

2 SOCKADDR_IN

struct sockaddr_in{ short sin_family; unsigned short sin_port; IN_ADDR sin_addr;

char sin_zero[8];};

用来指定本地或远程的地址,以此来进行socket连接

sin_family:指定为AF_INET

sin_port: 指定所连接的端口号,用htons将short的端口号进行转换,如htons(6000)

sin_addr:指定所连接的ip,用inet_addr装换,如inet_addr(“127.0.0.1”)

sin_zero:为了和SOCKADDR的大小相同,而进行的填充,应该将其初始化为0

二常用函数1 WSAStartup

原型:

int WSAStartup(WORD wVersionRequested,LPWSADATA lpWSAData)

作用:

用来初始化ws2_32.lib

返回值

成功返回0

2 WSACleanup

终止ws2_32.lib

3 socket

原型:

SOCKET socket (int af, int type, int protocol );

参数说明

af:指定地址家族,AF_INET

type: SOCK_STREAM或SOCK_DGRAM,前者用于TCP,后者用于UDP

protocol:设置为0即可

作用:

创建一个SOCKET

返回值

创建失败返回INVALID_SOCKET

4 bind

原型:

int bind( SOCKET s, const struct sockaddr FAR *name,int namelen );

参数说明

s:server端已经创建好的SOCKET

name:server的SOCKADDR_IN结构,需要做强制类型转换,注意,他和SOCKADDR的大小一样

namelen:顾名思义,name的size大小,注意他和SOCKADDR的大小一样

作用

将SOCKET绑定到机器上

返回值

成功返回0,错误返回SOCKET_ERROR

5 listen

原型

int listen( SOCKET s, int backlog );

参数说明

s: 服务端未连接的SOCKET

backlog:最大可连接数

作用

设置tcp服务端

返回值

成功返回0,失败返回SOCKET_ERROR

6 accept

原型

SOCKET accept( SOCKET s, struct sockaddr FAR *addr, int FAR *addrlen);

参数说明

s:tcp服务端的SOCKET

addr:远程客户端的地址信息

addlen:addr的size

作用

从已经获得许可的连接中关联一个新的SOCKET

返回值

成功返回新的SOCKET的值,错误返回INVALID_SOCKET

7 send

原型

int send(SOCKET s, const char FAR *buf, int len, int flags );

参数说明

s:对方的SOCKET

buf:要发送的缓冲区的地址

flags:通常置为0

作用

向对方发送数据

返回值

成功返回已发送的数据的字节数,错误返回SOCKET_ERROR

8 recv

原型

int recv( SOCKET s, char FAR *buf, int len, int flags );

参数说明

s:对方的SOCKET

buf:要发送的缓冲区的地址

flags:通常置为0

作用

接受对方的数据

返回值

成功返回已接受的数据的字节数,错误返回SOCKET_ERROR

9 closesocket

原型

int closesocket( SOCKET s );

参数说明

s:要关闭的SOCKET

作用

关闭指定的SOCKET

返回值

成功返回0,错误返回SOCKET_ERROR

10 connect

原型

Int connect(SOCKET s,const struct sockaddr FAR *name,int namelen) );

参数说明

S:本地SOCKET

name:远程服务端地址信息

namelen:name的size

作用

远程socket连接

返回值

成功返回0,错误返回SOCKET_ERROR

11 sendto

原型

int sendto( SOCKET s, const char FAR *buf, int len, int flags, const struct sockaddr FAR *to, int tolen); );

参数说明

S:对方的SOCKET,可能是连接状态

buf:要发送的信息地址

len:信息的大小

flags:通常置为0

to:远程地址信息

tolen:to的size

作用

用于UDP,数据的发送

返回值

成功返回已发送的数据的字节数,错误返回SOCKET_ERROR

12 recvfrom

原型

int recvfrom( SOCKET s, char FAR* buf, int len, int flags, struct sockaddr FAR *from, int FAR *fromlen );

参数说明

S:对方的SOCKET,可能是连接状态

buf:用于接收的缓冲区地址

len:信息的大小

flags:通常置为0

from:接收远程地址信息

fromlen:to的size

作用

用于UDP,数据的接收

返回值

成功返回已接收的数据的字节数,错误返回SOCKET_ERROR

15 WSAGetLastError

原型: int WSAGetLastError (void);

作用:返回最后一次的错误代码

错误代码在WINSOCK2.H中定义

14 一些转换函数

ntohs:”network to host short”

ntohl:”network to host long”

htons:”host to network short”

htonl:”host to network long”

inet_addr:将字符串的IP转换为网络IP

三正式编程

以下程序在vc6.0下编译

1 tcp编程

TCP Server:

/************************************************************************//*准备步骤#include <WINSOCK2.H>#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")服务器端编程的步骤：0：加载套接字库(WSAStartup())1：创建套接字(socket())；  2：绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind())；3：将套接字设置为监听模式等待连接请求(listen())；  4：请求到来后，接受连接请求，返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字(accept())；5：用返回的套接字和客户端进行通信(send()/recv())；  6：返回，等待另一连接请求；7：关闭套接字(closesocket())8:关闭加载的套接字库(WSACleanup())。                                                                        *//************************************************************************/#include <WINSOCK2.H>#include <windows.h>#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")//0 bool LoadWSA();//1bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type=SOCK_STREAM);//2bool BindSocket(SOCKET& sock,short port ,const char* strIp);//3bool SetListen(SOCKET& sock,int number);//4,5,6bool Communicate(SOCKET& srverSock);//7bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock);//8void CloseWSA();void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg);DWORD WINAPI ClientThread(LPVOID sockCliet); void main(){cout<<"start server.\n";if(!LoadWSA() )ExitWithErrorMessage("LoadWSA  failed.");cout<<"LoadWAS success.\n";SOCKET serSock;if(!CreateSocket(serSock) )ExitWithErrorMessage("create server socket failed.");cout<<"CreateSocket success.\n";if(!BindSocket(serSock,6000,"127.0.0.1") )ExitWithErrorMessage("BindSocket failed.");cout<<"BindSocket success.\n";if(!SetListen(serSock,10) )ExitWithErrorMessage("SetListen failed.");cout<<"SetListen success.\n";if(!Communicate(serSock) )ExitWithErrorMessage("Communicate failed.");cout<<"Communicate success.\n";if(! CloseSocket(serSock) )ExitWithErrorMessage("CloseSocket failed.");cout<<"CloseSocket success.\n";CloseWSA();cout<<"CloseWSA success.\n";}bool LoadWSA(){WSAData wsaData;if( 0 == WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData) ){return true;}return false;}void CloseWSA(){WSACleanup();}bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type/* =SOCK_STREAM */){sock=socket(AF_INET,type,0);if(INVALID_SOCKET == sock){return false;}return true;}bool BindSocket(SOCKET& sock,short port ,const char* strIp){SOCKADDR_IN address;address.sin_family=AF_INET;address.sin_addr.s_addr =inet_addr(strIp);address.sin_port=htons(port);memset(address.sin_zero,0,sizeof(address.sin_zero));if(SOCKET_ERROR == bind(sock,(const struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) ){return false;}return true;}bool SetListen(SOCKET& sock,int number){if(SOCKET_ERROR == listen(sock,number) ){return false;}return true;}bool Communicate(SOCKET& srverSock){SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;SOCKETnewSock;HANDLEhThread=NULL;int n=sizeof(struct sockaddr);bool flag=true;while(true){newSock=accept(srverSock,( struct sockaddr*)&addrClient,&n);if(newSock == INVALID_SOCKET){cout<<"accept failed.\n";flag=false;break;}cout<<"client from "<<inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)<<":"<<ntohs(addrClient.sin_port)<<endl;hThread=CreateThread(NULL,0,ClientThread,(LPVOID)newSock,0,NULL);if(hThread==NULL){cout<<"CreateThread failed.\n";flag=false;break;}CloseHandle(hThread);}closesocket(newSock);return flag;}bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock){if( closesocket(sock) == SOCKET_ERROR) return false;return true;}void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg){cout<<errMsg<<endl;system("pause");exit(1);}DWORD WINAPI ClientThread(LPVOID sockCliet){SOCKET sock=(SOCKET)sockCliet;char buffer[100]={0};int errCode;while(true){memset(buffer,0,100);errCode=recv(sock,buffer,100,0);if(errCode==0 || errCode==SOCKET_ERROR){cout<<"client exit.\n";break;}cout<<"message from client: "<<buffer<<endl;send(sock,"welcome.",strlen("welcome."),0);}return 0;}

TCP Client

/************************************************************************//* 准备步骤#include <WINSOCK2.H>#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")0:加载套接字库(WSAStartup())1：创建套接字(socket())；  2：向服务器发出连接请求(connect())；3：和服务器端进行通信(send()/recv())；  4：关闭套接字(closesocket())5: 关闭加载的套接字库(WSACleanup())。                                                                     *//************************************************************************/#include <WINSOCK2.H>#include <windows.h>#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")//0 bool LoadWSA();//1bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type=SOCK_STREAM);//2bool ConnectToServer(SOCKET& sock,short port ,const char* strIp);//3bool Communicate(SOCKET& sock);//4bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock);//5void CloseWSA();void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg);void main(){cout<<"Start Client.\n";if(!LoadWSA() )ExitWithErrorMessage("LoadWSA  failed.");cout<<"LoadWSA Success.\n";SOCKET clietSock;if(!CreateSocket(clietSock) )ExitWithErrorMessage("create server socket failed.");cout<<"CreateSocket Success.\n";if(!ConnectToServer(clietSock,6000,"127.0.0.1") )ExitWithErrorMessage("ConnectToServer failed.");cout<<"ConnectToServer Success.\n";if(!Communicate(clietSock) )ExitWithErrorMessage("Communicate failed.");cout<<"Communicate Success.\n";if(! CloseSocket(clietSock) )ExitWithErrorMessage("CloseSocket failed.");cout<<"CloseSocket Success.\n";CloseWSA();cout<<"CloseWSA Success.\n";}bool LoadWSA(){WSAData wsaData;if( 0 == WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData) ){return true;}return false;}void CloseWSA(){WSACleanup();}bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type/* =SOCK_STREAM */){sock=socket(AF_INET,type,0);if(INVALID_SOCKET == sock){return false;}return true;}bool ConnectToServer(SOCKET& sock,short port ,const char* strIp){SOCKADDR_IN address;address.sin_family=AF_INET;address.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(strIp);address.sin_port=htons(port);memset(address.sin_zero,0,sizeof(address.sin_zero));if(SOCKET_ERROR == connect(sock,(const struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) ){return false;}return true;}bool Communicate(SOCKET& sock){bool flag=true;int errCode;char buffer[100]={0};while(true){memset(buffer,0,100);cin.getline(buffer,100);errCode=send(sock,buffer,strlen(buffer),0);if(errCode==SOCKET_ERROR){cout<<"send message error.\n";flag=false;break;}memset(buffer,0,100);recv(sock,buffer,100,0);cout<<buffer<<endl;}return flag;}void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg){cout<<errMsg<<endl;system("pause");exit(1);}bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock){if( closesocket(sock)==SOCKET_ERROR )return false;return true;}

2 upd编程

UDP Server

/************************************************************************//* 准备步骤#include <WINSOCK2.H>#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")0: 加载套接字库(WSAStartup());1：创建套接字(socket())；  2：绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind())；3：等待和接收数据(sendto()/recvfrom())；  4：关闭套接字(closesocket());5: 关闭加载的套接字库(WSACleanup()).                                                                     *//************************************************************************/#include <WINSOCK2.H>#include <windows.h>#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")//0 bool LoadWSA();//1bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type=SOCK_DGRAM);//2bool BindSocket(SOCKET& sock,short port ,const char* strIp);//4bool Communicate(SOCKET& srverSock);//5bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock);//6void CloseWSA();void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg);void main(){if(! LoadWSA() )ExitWithErrorMessage("LoadWSA falid.");cout<<"LoadWSA success.\n";SOCKET serSocket;if(! CreateSocket(serSocket) )ExitWithErrorMessage("CreateSocket falid.");cout<<"CreateSocket success.\n";if(! BindSocket(serSocket,6000,"127.0.0.1") )ExitWithErrorMessage("BindSocket falid.");cout<<"BindSocket success.\n";while(! Communicate(serSocket) );cout<<"Communicate success.\n";if(! CloseSocket(serSocket) )ExitWithErrorMessage("CloseSocket falid.");cout<<"CloseSocket success.\n";CloseWSA();} bool LoadWSA(){WSAData wsaData;if( 0 == WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData) ){return true;}return false;}void CloseWSA(){WSACleanup();}bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type){sock=socket(AF_INET,type,0);if(INVALID_SOCKET == sock){return false;}return true;}bool BindSocket(SOCKET& sock,short port ,const char* strIp){SOCKADDR_IN address;address.sin_family=AF_INET;address.sin_addr.s_addr =inet_addr(strIp);address.sin_port=htons(port);memset(address.sin_zero,0,sizeof(address.sin_zero));if(SOCKET_ERROR == bind(sock,(const struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) ){return false;}return true;}bool Communicate(SOCKET& srverSock){bool flag =true;SOCKADDR_IN address;int n=sizeof(struct sockaddr);char buffer[100] = {0};if(recvfrom(srverSock,buffer, 100,0,(struct sockaddr*)&address,&n) ==SOCKET_ERROR )flag =false;if(flag)cout<<buffer;return flag;}void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg){cout<<errMsg<<endl;system("pause");exit(1);}bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock){if( closesocket(sock)==SOCKET_ERROR )return false;return true;}

TCP Client

/************************************************************************//* 准备步骤#include <WINSOCK2.H>#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")0: 加载套接字库(WSAStartup());1：创建套接字(socket())；2：等待和接收数据(sendto()/recvfrom())；  3：关闭套接字(closesocket());4: ，关闭加载的套接字库(WSACleanup()).                                                                     *//************************************************************************/#include <WINSOCK2.H>#include <windows.h>#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;#pragma     comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ")//0 bool LoadWSA();//1bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type=SOCK_DGRAM);//2bool Communicate(SOCKET& clientSock,short port ,const char* strIp);//3bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock);//4void CloseWSA();void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg);void main(){if(! LoadWSA() )ExitWithErrorMessage("LoadWSA falid.");cout<<"LoadWSA success.\n";SOCKET clientSocket;if(! CreateSocket( clientSocket) )ExitWithErrorMessage("CreateSocket falid.");cout<<"CreateSocket success.\n";if(! Communicate( clientSocket,6000,"127.0.0.1") )ExitWithErrorMessage("Communicate falid.");cout<<"Communicate success.\n";if(! CloseSocket( clientSocket) )ExitWithErrorMessage("CloseSocket falid.");cout<<"CloseSocket success.\n";CloseWSA();} bool LoadWSA(){WSAData wsaData;if( 0 == WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData) ){return true;}return false;}void CloseWSA(){WSACleanup();}bool CreateSocket(SOCKET& sock,int type){sock=socket(AF_INET,type,0);if(INVALID_SOCKET == sock){return false;}return true;}bool Communicate(SOCKET& clientSock,short port ,const char* strIp){bool flag =true;SOCKADDR_IN address;int n=sizeof(struct sockaddr);address.sin_family=AF_INET;address.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(strIp);address.sin_port=htons(port);memset(address.sin_zero,0,sizeof(address.sin_zero));if( sendto(clientSock,"hello , I am from client message.", sizeof("hello , I am from server message."),0,(const struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(struct sockaddr) ) ==SOCKET_ERROR )   flag =false;return flag;}void ExitWithErrorMessage(const string& errMsg){cout<<errMsg<<endl;system("pause");exit(1);}bool CloseSocket(SOCKET& sock){if( closesocket(sock)==SOCKET_ERROR )return false;return true;}