C#调用SAPI实现语音识别的两种方法
通过微软的SAPI，不仅仅可以实现语音合成TTS，同样可以实现语音识别SR。下面我们就介绍并贴出相关代码。主要有两种方式：
1、使用COM组件技术，不管是C++，C#，Delphi都能玩的转，开发出来的东西在XP和WIN7都能跑。（注意要引入系统组件SpeechLib，XP要安装识别引擎）
2、使用WIN7的windows api，其实最终还是调用了SAPI，所以开发出来的东西就只能在WIN7上面跑。
其实不管是哪一种，都是调用SAPI，可能后一种代码比较简单。
使用第一种方式，需要注意在COM选项卡里面的Microsoft Speech object library引用
public class SpRecognition { private static SpRecognition _Instance = null; private SpeechLib.ISpeechRecoGrammar isrg; private SpeechLib.SpSharedRecoContextClass ssrContex = null; public delegate void StringEvent(string str); public StringEvent SetMessage; private SpRecognition() { ssrContex = new SpSharedRecoContextClass(); isrg = ssrContex.CreateGrammar(1); SpeechLib._ISpeechRecoContextEvents_RecognitionEventHandler recHandle = new _ISpeechRecoContextEvents_RecognitionEventHandler(ContexRecognition); ssrContex.Recognition += recHandle; } public void BeginRec() { isrg.DictationSetState(SpeechRuleState.SGDSActive); } public static SpRecognition instance() { if (_Instance == null) _Instance = new SpRecognition(); return _Instance; } public void CloseRec() { isrg.DictationSetState(SpeechRuleState.SGDSInactive); } private void ContexRecognition(int iIndex, object obj, SpeechLib.SpeechRecognitionType type, SpeechLib.ISpeechRecoResult result) { if (SetMessage != null) { SetMessage(result.PhraseInfo.GetText(0, -1, true)); } } }using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Speech;using System.Speech.Recognition;using System.Globalization;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace StudyBeta{ public class SRecognition { public SpeechRecognitionEngine recognizer = null;//语音识别引擎 public DictationGrammar dictationGrammar = null; //自然语法 public System.Windows.Forms.Control cDisplay; //显示控件 public SRecognition(string[] fg) //创建关键词语列表 { CultureInfo myCIintl = new CultureInfo("en-US"); foreach (RecognizerInfo config in SpeechRecognitionEngine. InstalledRecognizers())//获取所有语音引擎 { if (config.Culture.Equals(myCIintl) && config.Id == "MS-1033-80-DESK" ) { recognizer = new SpeechRecognitionEngine(config); break; }//选择美国英语的识别引擎 } if (recognizer != null) { InitializeSpeechRecognitionEngine(fg);//初始化语音识别引擎 dictationGrammar = new DictationGrammar(); } else { MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败"); } } private void InitializeSpeechRecognitionEngine(string[] fg) { recognizer.SetInputToDefaultAudioDevice();//选择默认的音频输入设备 Grammar customGrammar = CreateCustomGrammar(fg);//根据关键字数组建立语法 recognizer.UnloadAllGrammars(); recognizer.LoadGrammar(customGrammar);//加载语法recognizer.SpeechRecognized += new EventHandler <SpeechRecognizedEventArgs>(recognizer_SpeechRecognized);recognizer.SpeechHypothesized += new EventHandler <SpeechHypothesizedEventArgs>(recognizer_SpeechHypothesized); } public void BeginRec(Control tbResult)//关联窗口控件 { TurnSpeechRecognitionOn(); TurnDictationOn(); cDisplay = tbResult; } public void over()//停止语音识别引擎 { TurnSpeechRecognitionOff(); } public virtual Grammar CreateCustomGrammar(string[] fg) //创造自定义语法 { GrammarBuilder grammarBuilder = new GrammarBuilder(); grammarBuilder.Append(new Choices(fg)); return new Grammar(grammarBuilder); } private void TurnSpeechRecognitionOn()//启动语音识别函数 { if (recognizer != null) { recognizer.RecognizeAsync(RecognizeMode.Multiple); //识别模式为连续识别 } else { MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败"); } } private void TurnSpeechRecognitionOff()//关闭语音识别函数 { if (recognizer != null) { recognizer.RecognizeAsyncStop(); TurnDictationOff(); } else { MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败"); } }private void recognizer_SpeechRecognized(object sender, SpeechRecognized EventArgs e) {//识别出结果完成的动作，通常把识别结果传给某一个控件 string text = e.Result.Text; cDisplay.Text = text; } private void TurnDictationOn() { if (recognizer != null) { recognizer.LoadGrammar(dictationGrammar);//加载自然语法 } else { MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败"); } } private void TurnDictationOff() { if (dictationGrammar != null) { recognizer.UnloadGrammar(dictationGrammar);//卸载自然语法 } else { MessageBox.Show("创建语音识别失败"); } } }}