C语言通用数据类型链表的构造，（数据域为指针）
和一般的数据结构里面的链表的实现没什么大不同，
在list.h里面只修改一个地方
typedef void * ElemType;
也就是说数据域是一个无类型指针，链表本身不对这个指针有数据访问，在使用链表的时候我们给一个有类型的指针，在操作的时候编译器有规律可循了，接下来只要链表数据访问的函数了，因为数据域是一个指针，因为没有修改TraverseList函数，那么给函数指针传递的一个指向指针的指针，所以修改遍历数据域访问函数如下
int TraverseList(List*,int (*)(ElemType *)); /* 遍历访问，反问某个节点元素用函数处理 */
typedef void * ElemType;typedef struct node{ElemType data;struct node * next;}ChainNode;typedef struct{ChainNode *head;int size;ChainNode *tail;}List;List * CreateList(void);/* 创建链表 */void DestoryList(List*);/* 销毁链表 */void ClearList(List*);/* 清空链表 */int ListAppend(List*,ElemType);/* 追加元素 */ int ListInsert(List*,int,ElemType);/* 加入元素 */ int ListDelete(List *,int);/* 删除第几个元素 */int GetElem(List*,int,ElemType *);/* 取得第几个元素的值用第三个参数返回 */ChainNode * GetAddr(List *, int);/* 取得编号为N的元素所在地址 */int TraverseList(List*,int (*)(ElemType *));/* 遍历访问，反问某个节点元素用函数处理 */ChainNode * NewChainNode( ElemType);
list.c
#include "list.h"/*==================*//*==================*/List *CreateList(){List * pt = 0;ElemType data;pt=(List*)malloc( sizeof(List) );if( !pt )return 0;pt->head = NewChainNode(data );if( ! pt->head ){free(pt);return 0;}pt->tail = pt->head;return pt; }/*==================*/void DestoryList(List * plist){ClearList(plist);free(plist->head);plist->head = 0;free(plist);plist = 0;}/*==================*/int ListAppend(List * plist,ElemType data){ChainNode * pt = 0;ChainNode * newpt = 0;if( !(plist && plist->head) )return 0;newpt = NewChainNode(data);if( !newpt )return 0;plist->tail->next = newpt;plist->tail = newpt;return 1;}/*==================*/int ListInsert(List * plist, int n ,ElemType data){ChainNode * pt = 0;ChainNode * newpt = 0;pt = GetAddr( plist, n-1 );if( !(pt) )return 0;newpt = NewChainNode(data);if( !newpt )return 0;if ( pt->next == plist->tail )plist->tail = newpt;newpt->next = pt->next;pt->next = newpt;return 1;}/*==================*/int GetElem(List * plist,int n,ElemType *data){ChainNode * pt = 0;pt = GetAddr(plist,n);if( ! pt )return 0;*data = pt->data;return 1;}/*==================*/int TraverseList(List* plist,int (*f)(ElemType *)){ChainNode * pt = 0;int a=0;/**/if( !(plist && plist->head) )return 0;for( a = 0 ,pt = plist->head->next; pt ; pt = pt->next ){if( ! f(&(pt->data)) )return a+1;a++;}return 0;}/*==================*/void ClearList(List * plist){while ( ListDelete(plist,1) );}/*==================*/int ListDelete( List * plist, int n ){ChainNode * pt =0;ChainNode * pf=0; if( !plist->head->next )return 0;pt = GetAddr( plist,n-1 );if ( pt->next == plist->tail )plist->tail = pt;if( !(pt && pt->next ))return 0;pf = pt->next;pt->next = pt->next->next;free(pf);return 1;}ChainNode * GetAddr(List * plist,int n){ChainNode * pt = 0;int a = 0;if( n < 0)return 0;pt = plist->head;while( pt && a < n ){pt = pt->next;a++;}return pt;}/*==================*/ChainNode * NewChainNode(ElemType* data){ChainNode * pChain=0;pChain = ( ChainNode * )malloc( sizeof(ChainNode) );if( ! pChain )return 0;pChain->data=data;pChain->next=0;return pChain;}
uselist.c
#include "list.h"typedef struct {char ch ; int id; char name[10]; int r;} myElemType; myElemType a[20] ={{'a',1,"niei",2},{'b',2,"aini",2},{'c',3,"love",2},{'d',4,"jack",2},{'e',5,"alice",2},{'f',6,"ben",2},{'g',7,"carlo",2},{'h',8,"mason",2}};void showList(List* plist);int putElem(ElemType *data);void main(){/**/List * mylist;int n=0;myElemType data;myElemType data2;myElemType* pdata;mylist = CreateList();if( ! mylist){printf("error");return;}for( n = 0 ;n < 8 ;n++)ListAppend(mylist ,&a[n]);showList( mylist);data.ch = '*';data.id = 8;strcpy(data.name , "1223");data.r = 54;ListInsert(mylist,1,&data);showList( mylist);data2.ch = 'A';data2.id = 54;strcpy(data2.name , "bill");data2.r = 4;/**/ListInsert(mylist,7,&data2);showList( mylist);ListDelete(mylist,7);showList( mylist);ListDelete(mylist,1);showList( mylist);if (GetElem(mylist,5,&pdata) )printf("[%c %d %s %d] ",pdata->ch,pdata->id,pdata->name,pdata->r);ClearList(mylist);showList( mylist);DestoryList(mylist);mylist = 0;showList( mylist);}/*==================*/void showList(List* plist){if( !plist )return;TraverseList(plist,putElem); printf("\n");}int putElem(myElemType **data){if( !data )return 0;printf("[%c %d %s %d] ",(*data)->ch,(*data)->id,(*data)->name,(*data)->r);return 1;}
最后的运行结果，一个[ ] 表示一个结构体所有成员
