我使用过的Linux命令之swig - 把C/C++的代码嵌入Java等语言的开发工具
我使用过的Linux命令之swig - 把C/C++的代码嵌入Java等语言的开发工具
本文链接：http://codingstandards.iteye.com/blog/830342 ? （转载请注明链接）
用途说明SWIG是Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator的缩写，其官方站点是http://www.swig.org/。SWIG是个帮助使用C或者C++编写的软件能与其它各种高级编程语言进行嵌入联接的开发工具。SWIG能应用于各种不同类型的语言包括常用脚本编译语言例如Perl, PHP, Python, Tcl, Ruby and PHP。支持语言列表中也包括非脚本编译语言，例如C#, Common Lisp (CLISP, Allegro CL, CFFI, UFFI), Java, Modula-3, OCAML以及R，甚至是编译器或者汇编的计划应用（Guile, MzScheme, Chicken）。SWIG普遍应用于创建高级语言解析或汇编程序环境，用户接口，作为一种用来测试C/C++或进行原型设计的工具。SWIG还能够导出 XML或Lisp s-expressions格式的解析树。SWIG可以被自由使用，发布，修改用于商业或非商业中。
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常用参数swig -version 看SWIG开发工具的版本。
swig -java 生成java代码。见示例三所展示的。
swig -help 看帮助。用 man swig 和 info swig 没有看到相应的手册。
最佳的学习swig的方法就是到官方网站去看相关文档。
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使用示例示例一 查看swig的基本信息注：有些Linux安装之后不一定有swig命令，可以先确认一下是否安装了swig，以及是哪种安装方式（rpm方式，make方式）。RHEL5.5下默认安装的swig版本是1.3.29，当前最新版本是Version: 2.0.1 (4 October 2010)。可以先把Linux默认安装的版本删除，然后再下载源代码编译安装。
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[root@new55 swig]# rpm -q swig
swig-1.3.29-2.el5
[root@new55 swig]# swig -version
SWIG Version 1.3.29
Compiled with g++ [i686-redhat-linux-gnu]
Please see http://www.swig.org for reporting bugs and further information
[root@new55 swig]# whereis swig
swig: /usr/bin/swig /usr/share/swig
[root@new55 swig]# which swig
/usr/bin/swig
[root@new55 swig]# rpm -qif $(which swig)?
Name??????? : swig???????????????????????? Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version???? : 1.3.29??????????????????????????? Vendor: Red Hat, Inc.
Release???? : 2.el5???????????????????????? Build Date: 2006年11月07日 星期二 16时15分56秒
Install Date: 2010年08月13日 星期五 00时19分22秒????? Build Host: hs20-bc2-4.build.redhat.com
Group?????? : Development/Tools???????????? Source RPM: swig-1.3.29-2.el5.src.rpm
Size??????? : 8572427????????????????????????? License: BSD
Signature?? : DSA/SHA1, 2007年01月18日 星期四 01时53分06秒, Key ID 5326810137017186
Packager??? : Red Hat, Inc. <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla>
URL???????? : http://swig.sourceforge.net/
Summary???? : 把 C/C++/Objective C 连接到某些高级别的编程语言。
Description :
Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator (SWIG) is a software
development tool for connecting C, C++ and Objective C programs with a
variety of high-level programming languages.? SWIG is primarily used
with Perl, Python and Tcl/TK, but it has also been extended to Java,
Eiffel and Guile.? SWIG is normally used to create high-level
interpreted programming environments, systems integration, and as a
tool for building user interfaces.
[root@new55 swig]#
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示例二 下载、编译和安装swig开发工具下载最新的swig包。
[root@new55 setup]# wget "http://sourceforge.net/projects/swig/files/swig/swig-2.0.1/swig-2.0.1.tar.gz/download"
--2010-12-01 11:17:44--? http://sourceforge.net/projects/swig/files/swig/swig-2.0.1/swig-2.0.1.tar.gz/download
正在解析主机 sourceforge.net... 216.34.181.60
Connecting to sourceforge.net|216.34.181.60|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置：http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/swig/swig/swig-2.0.1/swig-2.0.1.tar.gz?r=&ts=1291173453&use_mirror=ncu [跟随至新的 URL]
--2010-12-01 11:17:45--? http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/swig/swig/swig-2.0.1/swig-2.0.1.tar.gz?r=&ts=1291173453&use_mirror=ncu
正在解析主机 downloads.sourceforge.net... 216.34.181.59
Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net|216.34.181.59|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置：http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/swig/swig/swig-2.0.1/swig-2.0.1.tar.gz [跟随至新的 URL]
--2010-12-01 11:17:46--? http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/swig/swig/swig-2.0.1/swig-2.0.1.tar.gz
正在解析主机 ncu.dl.sourceforge.net... 140.115.17.45
Connecting to ncu.dl.sourceforge.net|140.115.17.45|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：4922992 (4.7M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: `swig-2.0.1.tar.gz'
100%[==========================================================================================>] 4,922,992?? 10.4K/s?? in 9m 10s?
2010-12-01 11:26:57 (8.73 KB/s) - `swig-2.0.1.tar.gz' saved [4922992/4922992]
[root@new55 setup]# ls -l swig-2.0.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4922992 10-05 04:48 swig-2.0.1.tar.gz
[root@new55 setup]#
将系统原有的swig软件卸载掉。
[root@new55 setup]# rpm -q swig
swig-1.3.29-2.el5
[root@new55 setup]# rpm -e swig-1.3.29-2.el5
[root@new55 setup]#
解压，编译，安装。
[root@new55 setup]# tar zxf swig-2.0.1.tar.gz
[root@new55 setup]# cd swig-2.0.1/
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]# ls
aclocal.m4? CCache?????????? configure???? Doc?????? Lib????????? LICENSE-UNIVERSITIES? README??????? swig.spec.in? vms
ANNOUNCE??? CHANGES????????? configure.in? Examples? LICENSE????? Makefile.in?????????? RELEASENOTES? TODO????????? Win
autogen.sh? CHANGES.current? COPYRIGHT???? INSTALL?? LICENSE-GPL? preinst-swig.in?????? Source??????? Tools
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
省略输出
checking whether to enable PCRE support... yes
checking whether to use local PCRE... no
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed
checking for pcre-config... no
configure: error:
??????? Can't find pcre-config script from PCRE (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)
??????? library package. This dependency is needed for configure to complete,
??????? Either:
??????? - Install the PCRE developer package on your system (preferred approach).
??????? - Download the PCRE source tarball, build and install on your system
????????? as you would for any package built from source distribution.
??????? - Use the Tools/pcre-build.sh script to build PCRE just for SWIG to statically
????????? link against. Run 'Tools/pcre-build.sh --help' for instructions.
????????? (quite easy and does not require privileges to install PCRE on your system)
??????? - Use configure --without-pcre to disable regular expressions support in SWIG
????????? (not recommended).
See `config.log' for more details.
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]#
configure报错了，缺少pcre开发包。（PCRE = Perl Compatible Regular Expressions）
到Linux安装盘中找pcre开发包，我的机器上安装盘保存到镜像文件rhel55.iso了。
[root@new55 os]# mkdir /mnt/rhel55
[root@new55 os]# mount rhel55.iso /mnt/rhel55
mount: rhel55.iso is not a block device (maybe try `-o loop'?)
[root@new55 os]# mount -o loop rhel55.iso /mnt/rhel55??
[root@new55 os]# cd /mnt/rhel55/
[root@new55 rhel55]# find . -name "pcre*rpm"
./Server/pcre-6.6-2.el5_1.7.i386.rpm
./Server/pcre-devel-6.6-2.el5_1.7.i386.rpm
[root@new55 rhel55]# rpm -ivh ./Server/pcre-devel-6.6-2.el5_1.7.i386.rpm
warning: ./Server/pcre-devel-6.6-2.el5_1.7.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing...??????????????? ########################################### [100%]
?? 1:pcre-devel???????????? ########################################### [100%]
[root@new55 rhel55]#
重新configure。
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
省略输出
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating config.h
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]#
编译，安装。
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]# make
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/setup/swig-2.0.1/Source'
make? all-am
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/setup/swig-2.0.1/Source'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/setup/swig-2.0.1/CCache'
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]# make install
Installing SWIG executable
Installing /usr/bin/swig
Installing the SWIG library
省略输出
Installing ccache-swig
Installing /usr/bin/ccache-swig
Installing /usr/share/man/man1/ccache-swig.1
Installation complete
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]#
确认是否安装成功，查看一下版本号。
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]# swig -version
SWIG Version 2.0.1
Compiled with g++ [i686-pc-linux-gnu]
Configured options: +pcre
Please see http://www.swig.org for reporting bugs and further information
[root@new55 swig-2.0.1]#
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示例三 把官方站点的提供的例子在Linux下用Java尝试一下文件 example.c
??????? at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1734)
??????? at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:823)
??????? at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1028)
??????? at main.main(main.java:3)上面的报错有两种解决方法。
第一种方法：java命令参数指定。
[root@new55 swig]# java -Djava.library.path=. main
3.0
120
Wed Dec? 1 11:04:03 2010
[root@new55 swig]# java main
3.0
120
Tue Nov 30 19:41:37 2010?
第二种方法：导出环境变量LD_LIBRARY_PATH。
[root@new55 swig]# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.
[root@new55 swig]# java main??????????????
3.0
120
Wed Dec? 1 11:04:44 2010
[root@new55 swig]#到此，在java中使用C代码的尝试就成功了。
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问题思考相关资料【1】官方站点??????????????????? http://www.swig.org/
【2】SWIG是什么??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? http://www.swig.org/translations/chinese/exec.html
【3】Swig Tutorial????????????????? http://swig.minidx.com/tutorial.html
【4】SWIG and JAVA??? ??? ??? ??? ?? http://www.swig.org/Doc1.3/Java.html【5】SwigFaqLinuxSharedLibraries??? http://www.dabeaz.com/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?SwigFaqLinuxSharedLibraries
【6】百度百科? SWIG??? ???
【7】花钱的年华??? SWIG，C/C++类库与Java,Python等泛高阶语言的万能粘合剂???【8】masrpsj??? 利用SWIG转换C++接口到Java接口
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