mpstat使用详解
mpstat是MultiProcessor Statistics的缩写，是实时系统监控工具。其报告与CPU的一些统计信息，这些信息存放在/proc/stat文件中。在多CPUs系统里，其不但能查看所有CPU的平均状况信息，而且能够查看特定CPU的信息。下面只介绍mpstat与CPU相关的参数，mpstat的语法如下：
mpstat [-P {|ALL}] [internal [count]]
参数的含义如下：
参数 解释
-P {|ALL} 表示监控哪个CPU， cpu在[0,cpu个数-1]中取值
internal 相邻的两次采样的间隔时间
count 采样的次数，count只能和delay一起使用
当没有参数时，mpstat则显示系统启动以后所有信息的平均值。有interval时，第一行的信息自系统启动以来的平均信息。
从第二行开始，输出为前一个interval时间段的平均信息。与CPU有关的输出的含义如下：
参数 解释 从/proc/stat获得数据
CPU 处理器ID
user 在internal时间段里，用户态的CPU时间（%），不包含 nice值为负 进程 (usr/total)*100??
nice 在internal时间段里，nice值为负进程的CPU时间（%）???(nice/total)*100??
system 在internal时间段里，核心时间（%）???(system/total)*100
iowait 在internal时间段里，硬盘IO等待时间（%） (iowait/total)*100
irq 在internal时间段里，硬中断时间（%）??????(irq/total)*100
soft 在internal时间段里，软中断时间（%）????(softirq/total)*100
idle 在internal时间段里，CPU除去等待磁盘IO操作外的因为任何原因而空闲的时间闲置时间（%）(idle/total)*100
intr/s 在internal时间段里，每秒CPU接收的中断的次数intr/total)*100
CPU总的工作时间=total_cur=user+system+nice+idle+iowait+irq+softirq
total_pre=pre_user+ pre_system+ pre_nice+ pre_idle+ pre_iowait+ pre_irq+ pre_softirq
user=user_cur – user_pre
total=total_cur-total_pre
其中_cur 表示当前值，_pre表示interval时间前的值。上表中的所有值可取到两位小数点。
范例1：average mode (粗略信息)
当mpstat不带参数时，输出为从系统启动以来的平均值。
CODE:
[work@builder linux-2.6.14]$ mpstat
Linux 2.6.9-5.31AXsmp (builder.redflag-linux.com) 12/16/2005
09:38:46 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %irq %soft %idle intr/s
09:38:48 AM all 23.28 0.00 1.75?????0.50 0.00 0.00 74.47 1018.59
范例2:?每2秒产生了2个处理器的统计数据报告
下面的命令可以每2秒产生了2个处理器的统计数据报告，一共产生三个interval 的信息，然后再给出这三个interval的平
均信息。默认时，输出是按照CPU 号排序。第一个行给出了从系统引导以来的所有活跃数据。接下来每行对应一个处理器的
活跃状态。。
CODE:
[root@server yum_dir]# mpstat -P ALL 2 3
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
09:34:20 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
09:34:22 PM all????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00???1001.49
09:34:22 PM????0????0.00????0.00????0.50????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00???99.50???1001.00
09:34:22 PM????1????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00??????0.00
?
09:34:22 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
09:34:24 PM all????0.00????0.00????0.25????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00???99.75???1005.00
09:34:24 PM????0????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00???1005.50
09:34:24 PM????1????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00??????0.00
09:34:24 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
09:34:26 PM all????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00???1001.49
09:34:26 PM????0????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00???1001.00
09:34:26 PM????1????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00??????0.00
Average:?????CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
Average:?????all????0.00????0.00????0.08????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00???99.92???1002.66
Average:???????0????0.00????0.00????0.17????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00???99.83???1002.49
Average:???????1????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00????0.00 100.00??????0.00
[root@server yum_dir]#
?
?
范例3：比较带参数和不带参数的mpstat的结果。
在后台开一个2G的文件
# cat 1.img &
然后在另一个终端运行mpstat命令
CODE:
[root@server ~]# cat 1.img &
[1] 6934
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:31 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:31 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.25????0.21????0.01????0.04????0.00???99.40???1004.57
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:35 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:35 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.25????0.21????0.01????0.04????0.00???99.39???1004.73
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:39 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:39 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.25????0.21????0.01????0.04????0.00???99.38???1004.96
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:44 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:44 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.26????0.21????0.01????0.05????0.00???99.37???1005.20
[root@server ~]# mpstat 3 10
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:55 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:58 PM all???13.12????0.00???20.93????0.00????1.83????9.80????0.00???54.32???2488.08
10:18:01 PM all???10.82????0.00???19.30????0.83????1.83????9.32????0.00???57.90???2449.83
10:18:04 PM all???10.95????0.00???20.40????0.17????1.99????8.62????0.00???57.88???2384.05
10:18:07 PM all???10.47????0.00???18.11????0.00????1.50????8.47????0.00???61.46???2416.00
10:18:10 PM all???11.81????0.00???22.63????0.00????1.83???11.98????0.00???51.75???2210.60
10:18:13 PM all????6.31????0.00???10.80????0.00????1.00????5.32????0.00???76.58???1795.33
10:18:19 PM all????1.75????0.00????3.16????0.75????0.25????1.25????0.00???92.85???1245.18
10:18:22 PM all???11.94????0.00???19.07????0.00????1.99????8.29????0.00???58.71???2630.46
10:18:25 PM all???11.65????0.00???19.30????0.50????2.00????9.15????0.00???57.40???2673.91
10:18:28 PM all???11.44????0.00???21.06????0.33????1.99???10.61????0.00???54.56???2369.87
Average:?????all????9.27????0.00???16.18????0.30????1.50????7.64????0.00???65.11???2173.54
[root@server ~]#
上两表显示出当要正确反映系统的情况，需要正确使用命令的参数。vmstat 和iostat 也需要注意这一问题。
# cat 1.img &
然后在另一个终端运行mpstat命令
CODE:
[root@server ~]# cat 1.img &
[1] 6934
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:31 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:31 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.25????0.21????0.01????0.04????0.00???99.40???1004.57
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:35 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:35 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.25????0.21????0.01????0.04????0.00???99.39???1004.73
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:39 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:39 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.25????0.21????0.01????0.04????0.00???99.38???1004.96
[root@server ~]# mpstat
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:44 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:44 PM all????0.07????0.02????0.26????0.21????0.01????0.05????0.00???99.37???1005.20
[root@server ~]# mpstat 3 10
Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com)????01/04/2010
?
10:17:55 PM CPU???%user???%nice????%sys %iowait????%irq???%soft %steal???%idle????intr/s
10:17:58 PM all???13.12????0.00???20.93????0.00????1.83????9.80????0.00???54.32???2488.08
10:18:01 PM all???10.82????0.00???19.30????0.83????1.83????9.32????0.00???57.90???2449.83
10:18:04 PM all???10.95????0.00???20.40????0.17????1.99????8.62????0.00???57.88???2384.05
10:18:07 PM all???10.47????0.00???18.11????0.00????1.50????8.47????0.00???61.46???2416.00
10:18:10 PM all???11.81????0.00???22.63????0.00????1.83???11.98????0.00???51.75???2210.60
10:18:13 PM all????6.31????0.00???10.80????0.00????1.00????5.32????0.00???76.58???1795.33
10:18:19 PM all????1.75????0.00????3.16????0.75????0.25????1.25????0.00???92.85???1245.18
10:18:22 PM all???11.94????0.00???19.07????0.00????1.99????8.29????0.00???58.71???2630.46
10:18:25 PM all???11.65????0.00???19.30????0.50????2.00????9.15????0.00???57.40???2673.91
10:18:28 PM all???11.44????0.00???21.06????0.33????1.99???10.61????0.00???54.56???2369.87
Average:?????all????9.27????0.00???16.18????0.30????1.50????7.64????0.00???65.11???2173.54
[root@server ~]#
上两表显示出当要正确反映系统的情况，需要正确使用命令的参数。vmstat 和iostat 也需要注意这一问题。
?
