UriMatcher类
UriMatcher类
??? 在Content Provider中该类帮助匹配URI。
1.?????? 构造函数:创建URI树的根节点
a)?????? Public UriMatcher():默认根节点编码为-1;
b)?????? Public UriMatcher(int code):code参数指定根节点的编码。
2.?????? 方法
a)?????? Public void addURI(String authority,String path,int code)
添加一个用于匹配的URI,当匹配成功时则code。URI可以是精确的字符串,uri中带有*表示可匹配任意text,#表示只能匹配数字。
Authority:用于匹配的域名;
Path:匹配路径,*表示text的占位符,#表示使用数字的占位符;
Code:当使用匹配成功后返回code,值需要大于0,否则抛出IllegalArgument异常。
此方法将authority按照”/”进行拆分,然后将拆分后的每一部分保存到UriMatcher类型的ArrayList中;在添加的时候会判断当前authority是否已经添加过,若已加则break;若未添加过,则判断是否含有”#”则将其标识成1代表域名后面跟随的是数字;”*”标识成2,代表域名后面跟随的是文本;0代表后面没有跟随数据;最后创建一个新的UriMatcher对象添加到集合中。
b)?????? Public int match(Uri uri)
尝试在url中匹配相对应的路径
Uri:指定需要匹配的url;
返回值:在使用addURI时产生的code,若没有匹配则返回-1。
使用uri. getPathSegments()获取uri中各段存入list中,若list size为0或uri的Authority为null则返回默认值(此默认值在new时指定,若为指定则为-1);
然后遍历ArrayLis<UriMatcher>进行匹配uri。
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1.Uri
通用资源标志符(Universal Resource Identifier, 简称"URI")。
Uri代表要操作的数据,Android上可用的每种资源 - 图像、视频片段等都可以用Uri来表示。
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URI一般由三部分组成:
访问资源的命名机制。?
存放资源的主机名。?
资源自身的名称,由路径表示。?
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Android的Uri由以下三部分组成: "content://"、数据的路径、标示ID(可选)
举些例子,如:?
所有联系人的Uri: content://contacts/people
某个联系人的Uri: content://contacts/people/5
所有图片Uri: content://media/external
某个图片的Uri:content://media/external/images/media/4
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我们很经常需要解析Uri,并从Uri中获取数据。
Android系统提供了两个用于操作Uri的工具类,分别为UriMatcher 和ContentUris 。
虽然这两类不是非常重要,但是掌握它们的使用,会便于我们的开发工作。
下面就一起看一下这两个类的作用。
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2.UriMatcher
UriMatcher 类主要用于匹配Uri.
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使用方法如下。
首先第一步,初始化:
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1.? UriMatcher?matcher?=?new?UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);??
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1.? UriMatcher?matcher?=?new?UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);??
第二步注册需要的Uri:
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1.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"people",?PEOPLE);??
2.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"person/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??
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1.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"people",?PEOPLE);??
2.? matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson",?"person/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??
第三部,与已经注册的Uri进行匹配:
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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?"com.yfz.Lesson"?+?"/people");??
2.? int?match?=?matcher.match(uri);??
3.? ???????switch?(match)??
4.? ???????{??
5.? ???????????case?PEOPLE:??
6.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.dir/people";??
7.? ???????????case?PEOPLE_ID:??
8.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.item/people";??
9.? ???????????default:??
10.? ???????????????return?null;??
11.? ???????}??
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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?"com.yfz.Lesson"?+?"/people");??
2.? int?match?=?matcher.match(uri);??
3.? ???????switch?(match)??
4.? ???????{??
5.? ???????????case?PEOPLE:??
6.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.dir/people";??
7.? ???????????case?PEOPLE_ID:??
8.? ???????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.item/people";??
9.? ???????????default:??
10.? ???????????????return?null;??
11.? ???????}??
match方法匹配后会返回一个匹配码Code,即在使用注册方法addURI时传入的第三个参数。
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上述方法会返回"vnd.android.cursor.dir/person".
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总结:?
--常量 UriMatcher.NO_MATCH 表示不匹配任何路径的返回码
--# 号为通配符
--* 号为任意字符
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另外说一下,官方SDK说明中关于Uri的注册是这样写的:
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1.? private?static?final?UriMatcher?sURIMatcher?=?new?UriMatcher();??
2.? ????static??
3.? ????{??
4.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people",?PEOPLE);??
5.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??
6.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones",?PEOPLE_PHONES);??
7.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones/#",?PEOPLE_PHONES_ID);??
8.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS);??
9.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods/#",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??
10.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/deleted_people",?DELETED_PEOPLE);??
11.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones",?PHONES);??
12.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/filter/*",?PHONES_FILTER);??
13.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/#",?PHONES_ID);??
14.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods",?CONTACTMETHODS);??
15.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods/#",?CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??
16.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls",?CALLS);??
17.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/filter/*",?CALLS_FILTER);??
18.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/#",?CALLS_ID);??
19.? ????}??
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1.? private?static?final?UriMatcher?sURIMatcher?=?new?UriMatcher();??
2.? ????static??
3.? ????{??
4.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people",?PEOPLE);??
5.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??
6.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones",?PEOPLE_PHONES);??
7.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/phones/#",?PEOPLE_PHONES_ID);??
8.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS);??
9.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/people/#/contact_methods/#",?PEOPLE_CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??
10.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/deleted_people",?DELETED_PEOPLE);??
11.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones",?PHONES);??
12.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/filter/*",?PHONES_FILTER);??
13.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/phones/#",?PHONES_ID);??
14.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods",?CONTACTMETHODS);??
15.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("contacts",?"/contact_methods/#",?CONTACTMETHODS_ID);??
16.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls",?CALLS);??
17.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/filter/*",?CALLS_FILTER);??
18.? ????????sURIMatcher.addURI("call_log",?"/calls/#",?CALLS_ID);??
19.? ????}??
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这个说明估计已经是Google官方没有更新,首先是初始化方法,没有传参,那么现在初始化时,实际是必须传参的。 可以看一下Android2.2的源码,无参数的构造方法已经是private的了。
另外就是addURI这个方法,第二个参数开始时不需要"/", 否则是无法匹配成功的。
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3.ContentUris
ContentUris 类用于获取Uri路径后面的ID部分
1)为路径加上ID: withAppendedId(uri, id)
比如有这样一个Uri
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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people")??
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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people")??
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通过withAppendedId方法,为该Uri加上ID
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1.? Uri?resultUri?=?ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri,?10);??
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1.? Uri?resultUri?=?ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri,?10);??
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最后resultUri为: content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10
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2)从路径中获取ID: parseId(uri)
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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10")??
2.? long?personid?=?ContentUris.parseId(uri);??
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1.? Uri?uri?=?Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10")??
2.? long?personid?=?ContentUris.parseId(uri);??
最后personid 为 :10
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附上实验的代码:
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1.? package?com.yfz;??
2.? import?com.yfz.log.Logger;??
3.? import?android.app.Activity;??
4.? import?android.content.ContentUris;??
5.? import?android.content.UriMatcher;??
6.? import?android.net.Uri;??
7.? import?android.os.Bundle;??
8.? public?class?Lesson_14?extends?Activity?{??
9.? ??????????
10.? ????????private?static?final?String?AUTHORITY?=?"com.yfz.Lesson";??
11.? ????????private?static?final?int?PEOPLE?=?1;??
12.? ????????private?static?final?int?PEOPLE_ID?=?2;??
13.? ??????????
14.? ????????//NO_MATCH表示不匹配任何路径的返回码??
15.? ????????private?static?final?UriMatcher?sURIMatcher?=?new?UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);??
16.? ????????static??
17.? ????????{??
18.? ????????????sURIMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,?"people",?PEOPLE);??
19.? ??????????????
20.? ????????????//这里的#代表匹配任意数字,另外还可以用*来匹配任意文本??
21.? ????????????sURIMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,?"people/#",?PEOPLE_ID);??
22.? ????????}??
23.? ??????????
24.? ????????@Override??
25.? ????????protected?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{??
26.? ????????????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);??
27.? ????????????Logger.d("------?Start?Activity?!!!?------");??
28.? ??????????????
29.? ????????????Uri?uri1?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?AUTHORITY?+?"/people");??
30.? ????????????Logger.e("Uri:"?+?uri1);??
31.? ????????????Logger.d("Match?1"?+?getType(uri1));??
32.? ??????????????
33.? ????????????Uri?uri2?=?Uri.parse("content://"?+?AUTHORITY?+?"/people"?+?"/2");??
34.? ??????????????
35.? ????????????Logger.e("Uri:"?+?uri2);??
36.? ????????????Logger.d("Match?2"?+?getType(uri2));??
37.? ??????????????
38.? ????????????//拼接Uri??
39.? ????????????Uri?cUri?=?ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri1,?15);??
40.? ????????????Logger.e("Uri:"?+?cUri);??
41.? ????????????//获取ID??
42.? ????????????long?id?=?ContentUris.parseId(cUri);??
43.? ????????????Logger.d("Uri?ID:?"?+?id);??
44.? ????????}??
45.? ??????????
46.? ????????private?String?getType(Uri?uri)?{??
47.? ????????????int?match?=?sURIMatcher.match(uri);??
48.? ????????????switch?(match)??
49.? ????????????{??
50.? ????????????????case?PEOPLE:??
51.? ????????????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.dir/person";??
52.? ????????????????case?PEOPLE_ID:??
53.? ????????????????????return?"vnd.android.cursor.item/person";??
54.? ????????????????default:??
55.? ????????????????????return?null;??
56.? ????????????}??
57.? ????????}??
58.? }?
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