CMake在多级目录项目中的简单使用
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原文出处: http://brianlicn.appspot.com/2010/07/11/how_to_use_cmake.html
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引言
在项目比较小的时候,只需要简单地编写Makefile文件就可以完成了对项目的管理。随着项目的规模日益增大,使用一个好的构建工具来管理项目,变得非常重要。过去一般是使用autoconf, automake那一套来解决,即./configure, make, make install。由于自己对autoconf不是很懂也不感冒,所以没有怎么去用它。最近在看到了CMake,这是一个夸平台的项目构建工具,很简单,夸平台,对我来说,能够简单地上手并且解决所需要的需求。所以写下这个CMake简单使用的博客,记录下来方便将来查阅。
项目简介
首先给出项目的一个布局(layout)吧。
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brianli@sunrise:/opt/projects/ttiger$ tree.|-- CMakeLists.txt|-- build|-- include| `-- ttiger| |-- exception| | `-- exception.hpp| `-- util| `-- test.hpp|-- src| |-- CMakeLists.txt| `-- ttiger| |-- exception| | `-- exception.cxx| `-- util| `-- test.cxx|-- tests| |-- CMakeLists.txt| `-- mytest.cxx`-- unittests |-- CMakeLists.txt `-- ttiger_unittests.cxx
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可以看到,在这个项目是一个以ttiger库为主体的项目。
CMakeLists示例
上面简单地介绍了项目的布局,那么下面就记录下项目中应用到的CMakeList.txt
根目录
因为CMakeLists.txt是嵌套的,下面先介绍最上面的
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# the whole CMakeLists.txt for project ttigerPROJECT(ttiger)CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.4)# include directoriesINCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/ttiger /usr/local/include /usr/include)# lib directoriesLINK_DIRECTORIES( ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib /usr/local/lib /use/lib)SET(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib)ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(src)ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(tests)ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(unittests)
SRC目录
下面的是src下面的CMakeLists.txt文件:
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# CMakeLists for src directoryPROJECT(ttiger)SET(TTIGER_SRCS ttiger/exception/exception.cxx ttiger/util/test.cxx)# shared libraryADD_LIBRARY(ttiger SHARED ${TTIGER_SRCS})# static libraryADD_LIBRARY(ttiger_static STATIC ${TTIGER_SRCS})SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(ttiger_static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "ttiger")SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(ttiger PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(ttiger_static PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
应用程序目录
下面给出使用了ttiger库的应用程序的CMakeLists.txt文件
# test directory CMakeLists.txtADD_EXECUTABLE(mytest mytest.cxx)TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mytest ttiger)
其就是用ADD_EXECUTABLE来告诉编译啥可执行文件,用TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES来指定使用了那些库,这样就可以编译出来mytest可执行文件了
单元测试目录
# CMakeLists.txt for directory unittestsADD_EXECUTABLE(ttiger_unittests ttiger_unittests.cxx)TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(ttiger_unittests ttiger;gtest;pthread
具体情况跟应用程序目录一样
应用程序编译与执行
所有的都已经写好了,开始编译吧
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brianli@sunrise:/opt/projects/ttiger$ cd build/brianli@sunrise:/opt/projects/ttiger/build$ cmake ..-- The C compiler identification is GNU-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/gcc-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/gcc -- works-- Detecting C compiler ABI info-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done-- Configuring done-- Generating done-- Build files have been written to: /opt/projects/ttiger/buildbrianli@sunrise:/opt/projects/ttiger/build$ makeScanning dependencies of target ttiger[ 16%] Building CXX object src/CMakeFiles/ttiger.dir/ttiger/exception/exception.o[ 33%] Building CXX object src/CMakeFiles/ttiger.dir/ttiger/util/test.oLinking CXX shared library ../lib/libttiger.so[ 33%] Built target ttigerScanning dependencies of target ttiger_static[ 50%] Building CXX object src/CMakeFiles/ttiger_static.dir/ttiger/exception/exception.o[ 66%] Building CXX object src/CMakeFiles/ttiger_static.dir/ttiger/util/test.oLinking CXX static library ../lib/libttiger.a[ 66%] Built target ttiger_staticScanning dependencies of target mytest[ 83%] Building CXX object tests/CMakeFiles/mytest.dir/mytest.oLinking CXX executable ../bin/mytest[ 83%] Built target mytestScanning dependencies of target ttiger_unittests[100%] Building CXX object unittests/CMakeFiles/ttiger_unittests.dir/ttiger_unittests.oLinking CXX executable ../bin/ttiger_unittests[100%] Built target ttiger_unittestsbrianli@sunrise:/opt/projects/ttiger/build$ ./bin/ttiger_unittestsrunning main() from ttiger_unittests.cxx[==========] Running 1 test from 1 test case.[----------] Global test environment set-up.[----------] 1 test from Util[ RUN ] Util.Add_Test[ OK ] Util.Add_Test (0 ms)[----------] 1 test from Util (0 ms total)[----------] Global test environment tear-down[==========] 1 test from 1 test case ran. (1 ms total)[ PASSED ] 1 test.brianli@sunrise:/opt/projects/ttiger/build$
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