写作
一、词 3～4种替换
①后词优先（高中+四级词汇）---短语类+长单词
important: significant, essential, crucial, critical, indispensable
learn: attain, obtain, acquire, accumulate
very: extremely, extraordinarily, unusually, largely
②短语优先
make: make up build: build up accumulate: pile up
like: be fond of, be keen on, care for
③派生词优先
important: importance fond: fondness
delight: delightful, delighted, delightfully
satisfy: satisfied, satisfactory
effect: effective, effectively
④名词优先
think: opinion, idea, notion, consideration, concern, assumption, presumption, argument
eg. My (individual) consideration is that environment protection (conservation) is of extraordinary significance.
二、句 同义转化+句子扩展
1. 同义转化
eg. A对B很重要 A play important part (role) in B.
A is to B what foundation is to a skyscraper / water to fish / heart to humans.
A means / matters a lot / much to B.
The significance of A should never be over looked / ignored / denied / neglected in B.
A is / means everything / the whole world to B.
2. 句子扩展
（1）词汇扩展
1）n. 前修 派生形容词和复合形容词优先
poor→badly-off→underdeveloped→impoverished
后修 介修 in; on; from; at; of
分修 –ed; -ing
句修 名词+ing = 名词+which/ who do/ does/ is/are doing
the impoverish countries which lie in the third world
名词+ed分词=名词+which/ who am /is/are done
the measures which are taken by the government
2）adj. ① adv修饰（情感类） ②非常 ③一般
sincerely, truly, frankly, honestly, heartfeltly, heartily
surprisingly, shockingly, generally, roughly, virtually
强调副词：absolutely, definitely, undoubtedly
3）v. 能用来修饰adj.的adv.均可用来adv.
tips:使用v时，adv若想不起来可尽量generally类型，但adj前务必用adv,修饰
（2）句子扩展
1）尽量使用分词
tips：小作文中， 中间用Being a 身份 who 修饰 -----表自己身份
大作文中，Interested in , Concerned about , Disappointed with
（小中 ， the reason being that ,
大中尾），the consequence being that ,.
tips:以上两句一定要用在“，”之后，that之后跟句子
2）使用从句
①原因性从句 since, as, for on account of the fact that
by virtue of the fact that owing to the fact that
②结果性从句 so that with the consequence that
③条件从句 providing/ provided that, assuming/ assumed that
tips:位于句首引出句子，中间逗号隔开；位于句中引出句子可以不加逗号
④转折 yet, while, whereas
⑤让步 even though despite the fact that inspite of the fact that
（3）篇章扩展
1)必须在文中使用结构衔接词
tips:小作文中间部分，大作文全部
2)注意使用代词的准确照应
tips:①使用代词时需照应离他最近的前文名词
②注意代词和该名词的性、数一致
三、分析学生最常见的语法错误
1）冠词错误
tips：①单数可数名词不能单独出现，前面必须要有a, an;
②复数名词可单独出现，前面不加冠词，但后面有后置修饰语时例外（+the）
③不可数名词可单独出现，但后面有后置修饰语时例外（+the）
2）并列结构:在一个句子中出现的并列结构的形式必须一致
The eyes of the Sammi are twice bigger than Lily’s (those of Lily).
The person with (①who has)broad knowledge and rich experience is supposed to live a better life that the person who does (②without them) not.
3）搭配错误
Many wild species have (been) extinct in the worsening natural environment. extinct-adj; extinction-n. die out-v.
4）串句:在前后两个独立句子间必须使用连词来衔接句子，而绝不能用adv.