第十四讲
写作练习
（九）2005 年统考试题
Directions: Write an essay of 160 - 200 words based on the following drawing. In
your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and
give your comment on it.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
养老"足球赛"
尊敬老人是中华民族长期持有的传统美德。然而，这幅画描绘了一幕令人沮丧的情
景：大儿子把他驼背的束手无策的父亲踢出家门，而另外两个儿子和一个女儿，尽管衣
冠楚楚，但却卷起袖子守球门，不让老人进家。
这幅画使我想起我曾听到过的有关老人一人死在家里而他的子女都没有注意到的
许多故事。所有那些故事说明了今天社会中一种常见的现象：许多孩子长大了却不愿赡
养年老的双亲。他们尽情取乐，而他们的父母却无人照管，甚至无人理睬，饱尝孤独的
痛苦。时间已使他们的父亲步履蹒跚，艰苦的劳动已使他们驼背。可子女们却对此视而
不见，听而不闻。我认为，他们已经丧失了责任感，背叛了良心。迟早他们将会受到社
会的鄙视和批评。
中国有句老话说，亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。必须马上开展一个运动来提高年轻一代的
道德品质。而同时，年轻人应该意识到，总有一天他们也会变老，或许他们也会受到同
样的对待。
Respecting the elders is a long-held, traditional Chinese virtue. However,
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this drawing depicts a saddening situation: the eldest son is kicking out his
hunchbacked, helpless father, while the other two sons and a daughter, all
decently dressed, are rolling up their sleeves to keep the goals, preventing
the old man (from) entering their homes.
This drawing reminds me of numerous other stories I have heard of (=about)
how an old man died alone in his house, without being noticed by his children.
All those have illustrated a common phenomenon in our society today: many
grown-up children refuse to support their aging parents. While they indulge
themselves in delights of leisure, their parents are neglected, or even ignored,
tasting the bitterness of loneliness. They turn blind eyes to the fact that time
has slowed their parents' steps and much hard labor has bent their backs. I
think they have lost their sense of responsibility and betrayed their own
conscience. Sooner or later, they will find themselves exposed to social contempt
and criticism.
As a Chinese proverb goes, it is not too late to mend the fold even after
the sheep is lost. An immediate campaign should be launched to enhance the young
generation's morality. In the meanwhile, the youngsters should realize that
one day they will also become old and they may be treated in the same way. (221
words)
Notes: sadden vt. 使悲哀，忧愁，使伤心；vi. (at) 难过。hunchbacked 驼背的。fold n.
羊栏。
（十）Writing: (提纲式议论作文)
Directions: In this part, you are to write an essay of about 200 words within 40
minutes entitled"Importance of Confidence". Your essay should be based on the
information given in the outline below:
Importance of confidence
Reasons for lack of confidence
Necessity to build up confidence
信心的重要性
一个人不管做什么事, 他应该充满信心地去做。如果他没有信心, 当他面临困难时，
他取得成功的可能性就很小。这个道理似乎明白无误。 然而, 在现实中我们确实看到许多
人, 他们总是抱怨说, 他们缺乏办事的能力, 或者说, 形势对他们来说太严峻因此无法对
付。对于有些人来说, 这可能是对的。但是对许多其他人来说, 这只能表明他们已经失去信
心。
为什么有些人即使能够办得到的事也常常感到灰心呢? 我认为有两点原因。首先, 这些
人对自己没有一个正确的估计。例如，面对研究生入学考试，有些人往往丧失信心并退却了。
其次, 还有一种可能, 就是他们往往夸大他们所遇到的困难。他们似乎觉得这些困难大得克
服不了。他们看不到，只要他们刻苦努力，所有的障碍都是能够突破的。
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依我看, 一个人只要对自己的能力有正确的态度, 就有可能建立对自己的信心。 我们
既不应过高估计我们的能力, 也不应该过低估计我们的能力。常言道: "有志者事竟成"。只
要有信心, 我们一定能完成任何面临的任务。
The Importance of Confidence
For some, this might
be true. But for many others, this only shows that they have lost confidence.
Why do some people often feel frustrated even though they are capable of doing
something? I think there are two main reasons. In the first place, they don't have
a correct estimate of themselves. For example, in the face of the postgraduate
entrance examination, some of us tend to lose heart and give in. Secondly, there
is another possibility that they often exaggerate the difficulties they meet with.
It seems to them that the hardships are too great to get over. They can't see that
all the barriers can be broken through only if they make painstaking efforts.
In my opinion, one should build up faith in oneself as long as he has a right
attitude towards his own abilities. We should neither underestimate nor overestimate
our abilities. As a proverb says, "Where there is a will, there is a way." With
confidence we can certainly cope with any task we are confronted with. (237 words)
（十一）Directions:
Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing,
2) interpret its meaning, and
3) support your view with examples.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
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终点又是新的起点
As the picture given above depicts, a runner, summoning up his last ounce of
strength, is dashing to the finishing line, hot sweat rolling from his forehead.
He is overjoyed to have won the race. Besides, on both sides of the finishing line
there are two big words in Chinese: Scratch and Finish.
What does the author of the drawing intend to tell us? In my opinion, by the
picture he means that what one has achieved so far is merely a new starting point
for what he is going to do next.
There are a lot of examples to support my view. The most obvious one is the
discovery of the radioactive element radium, which means the successful result of
Curie's research work. Yet it is just a good beginning of the scientific study on
atomic energy. Let take another example to illustrate the view. We have achieved
great success in rural reforms, which has greatly raised the living standards of
farmers in the country. But it serves only as the starting point for pushing forward
urban reforms in a comprehensive way. A third example is the successful return of
Shenzhou 5 spaceship, which marks the triumphant end of the launch. At the same time
it has created a new era for China's space exploration. In conclusion, it seems
obvious that the finish of a thing signifies a new scratch of another one. (235
words)
Notes: summon up 鼓起，鼓足；Scratch and Finish 起点和终点； push forward 推
进。
（十二）Writing Practice
Directions:
Your are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write
a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:
1) detailed information about the books you want,
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2) methods of payment,
3) time and way of delivery.
Sample:
Dear Sir / Madam,
Allow me to introduce myself. My name is Li Ming. At present I'm preparing for
a national English test. Therefore, I badly need a good dictionary. 能否请您告诉
我一些有关词典的情况。您的书店里现在有些什么词典？哪一本最符合我的需要？Besides,
I also want to know how I will pay for it. 请您告诉我是用现金还是支票支付书款。
By the way, if everything goes smoothly, when can I get the dictionary? 您用什么
方式把书转给我呢？
Thank you very much for your time. I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours
faithfully,
Li Ming
（十三）Writing (I)
Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write a letter to the
newspaper based on the following outline:
1) Describe the picture to illustrate the present situation,
2) Suggest possible measures to be taken, and
3) Predict future prospect.
尊敬的先生/女士：
我给您写信是想陈述我对水的污染问题的看法。普遍认为，水的污染是当今严重的公
害。世界各国的河流正在受到工厂排放的垃圾及有害化学物质所污染。船舶加剧了污染，因
为它们依靠河流排放废物。油和其它化学物质会杀死鱼类并使水不能饮用。总之，污染了的
水对人人都是个大问题。
正如你所知道的，人们靠水生活。他们应该参与找到解决污染问题的方法。我认为，
需要尽快采取某些应对措施。首先，各国政府理应制订处理污染问题的规章制度。此外，在
全面处理和净化废液以前，必须禁止城乡工厂把废液排入河流。我觉得，如果这些工厂违反
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有关的法规或法律，则应加重罚款。当然还会有一些其它的治理方法值得采取。但是如果我
们采取上述提到的措施，我们就不会有水枯竭的危险。
至于未来的前景，我相信，在这一方面会取得良好的成果。过去一度被工业废料污染
的河流将会得到清理，几年以前鱼类不能生长的河流将又会重见鱼群。总之，似乎很明显，
只要人人各尽其责并努力去寻找控制污染的方法，明天将会变得更美好、更光明。
如果需要对这个问题做进一步评论，请不吝赐函。谢谢！
顺致
敬意
李明
Dear Sir or Madam,
It is generally accepted that water pollution is a serious public hazard today.
Rivers all over the world are becoming polluted with garbage and dangerous chemicals
discharged by factories. Ships contribute to the problem because they rely on rivers
for disposing of wastes. Oil and other chemicals can kill fish and make water unsafe
for drinking. In a word, polluted water is a big problem to everyone.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________ In addition, factories in towns and cities must be prohibited from
draining waste liquids into rivers before they are totally treated and purified.
I feel if they violate relevant rules or laws, they deserve to be fined heavily.
Certainly, there are some other cures, which are worth adopting. But if we take the
measures outlined above, we will be in no danger of drying up.
Rivers which used to be contaminated by
industrial wastes will be cleaned and fish which could not live there a few years
ago will be seen again. To conclude, it seems obvious that tomorrow will be better
and brighter only if everyone does his part and tries hard to seek solutions for
its control.
If any further comment on the issue is required, please don't hesitate to write
to me.
Thanks.
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
(295 words)
（十四）
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Directions:Write an essay entitled "On Keeping a Diary in English" and based on
the following outline:
1. Benefits brought by keeping a diary In English
2. Difficulties involved
3. My suggestions
用英语记日记是提高英语写作技能的有效方法之一。 与其他写作形式相比, 它短小,
省时。它能帮助我们培养用英语思考的习惯。如果我们坚持这样做, 渐渐地我们就学会了用
英语来表达我们的思想。
在用英语记日记的过程中, 我们不可避免地要遇到许多困难。首先, 经常发生这样的事,
我们很难找到恰如其分的词或短语来表达我们的思想。其次, 在汉语中有许多习惯说法, 我
们很难把它们准确地译成英语。 当然, 还有一些其他的困难, 我们可能在用英语记日记中
遇到。
至于我, 我的建议是, 我们应该在手头随时准备好一个笔记本和一本汉英词典。每当
有困难的东西难住我们时, 我们可以先在笔记本记下来, 然后查词典。如有必要, 我们也可
以向英语老师请教。 总之, 我认为, 用英语记日记对提高写作能力是十分有用的。
Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English
writing ability. Compared with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes less
time. It can help us to cultivate the habit of thinking in English. If we persist
in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in English.
In keeping a diary in English, we inevitably run up against a lot of difficulties.
In the first place, it often happens that we have trouble finding appropriate words
and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways
of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English
properly. Certainly, there are some other roadblocks we may come across in our
keeping a diary in English.
As far as I'm concerned, my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook
and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats(难
住) us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary.
We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, it is of
great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills. (209
words)
（十五）Writing (I)
Directions: In this part, you are to write an essay entitled "On Developing
Tourism". Your essay should be based on the
outline below:
1. Present situation,
2. Benefits brought by tourism,
3. Obstacles to the development of tourism,
4. My view on future prospect.
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旅游业----"无烟的工业"----正在中国迅速发展。随着改革开放政策的贯彻执行, 数以
万计的外国游人涌入中国。他们渴望参观这个具有 5000 多年灿烂文化的神秘古国。
旅游业作为一种商业活动给中国带来许多好处。首先, 在经济上它有利于我国经济的
发展。正如你们所知道的,中国需要大量的外汇来执行现代化建设计划。旅游业是获取外汇
的最重要的渠道之一。其次, 旅游业使中国人民更多地了解外界。另一方面, 访问过中国的
外国人对我国的最新发展和我国人民的友好和殷勤留下了深刻的印象。世界各国的报纸经常
刊登访问过中国的外国人所写的报导, 介绍中国人如何彬彬有礼、助人为乐。显然，旅游业
大大促进了中国人民和世界各族人民之间的友谊和了解。
然而, 仍然存在许多障碍妨碍着旅游业的发展。一方面, 许多地区的运输系统效率不
高无法满足日益增长的需要。另一方面，我们的许多名胜地还要多做广告，让全世界都知道
它们，以便吸引更多的旅游者。最后一点,中国大多数人还无力支付国外长途旅行的各种开
支。因此, 我们还有许多困难要克服。
至于我, 我相信, 随着我国经济的发展, 这些问题必将逐步得到解决。我们期望有一
个更美好、更光明的未来。
Tourism, a smokeless industry, is developing rapidly in China. With the reform
and opening-up policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign
visitors are pouring into our country. They are eager to see(=visit) this old
mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000 years.
Tourism as a form of enterprise brings China a lot of benefits. In the first
place, it is financially beneficial to the economic development of China. As
you know, China needs more and more foreign currencies for its modernization
program. Tourism is one of the most important channels to obtain them. Secondly,
tourism enables the Chinese people to know more about the outside world.
Reports by visitors to
China about how courteous and helpful most Chinese were to them often appear
in newspapers of many different countries.
There are, however, still a lot of obstacles hindering the expansion of tourism
in our country. For one thing, the transportation system in many areas is not
efficient enough to meet the ever-increasing needs. For another, our places of
interest have yet to be better advertised. Information about them should be made
available throughout the world to attract more and more tourists. Finally, most
of the people in China cannot afford the many different sorts of expenses during
long distance travels abroad. Therefore, we still have a long way to go.
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As for me, with the development of our national economy, all these problems will
certainly be solved step by step. A much better and brighter future awaits us.
(309 words)
作业：从旅游到了解，从了解到希望在中国投资。根据这一思路改写第 1 篇作文第 2 段，以
便说明旅游业对缝济发展带来的好处。
（十六）Writing (图画提纲式应用文)
Directions: Some people believe that private cars should be encouraged in Beijing.
Others argue that private cars should be discouraged in Capital. There has been a
controversy recently on the issue in a newspaper in Beijing. Write a letter to the
newspaper's editor to
describe the present situation of private cars in Beijing,
offer reasons for or against owning private cars, and
give your own opinion on the issue.
Write a letter of about 160 -- 200 words within 40 minutes. Your letter must be written
neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
北京拥有 250 万辆汽车，其中私家车达到 120 万辆。
尊敬的先生/女士：
我现在给您写信以表示我愿意参加私家车问题的争论并提出我的看法。
随着生活水平的迅速提高，越来越多的北京居民拥有自己的汽车。统计数字表明，北
京有 250 万辆汽车，其中私家车达到 120 万辆。汽车数量的增加产生了一系列问题，如空气
污染、噪音、交通堵塞和汽油短缺。这样就引起了一场争论：北京是否应该鼓励私家车？人
们对这个问题有不同的想法。
许多居民反对拥有汽车。在他们看来，北京必须限制私家车。原因很明显。首先，汽
车加剧了空气污染。北京现在深受空气严重污染之苦。如果人们都要拥有私家车，已经污染
的大气将变得更脏。其次，私家车可能对北京业已拥挤的交通状况是一个可怕的威胁。如果
更多的汽车开上繁华的街道，交通堵塞将会更严重。这对我们大家来说确是公害。最后，汽
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车消耗大量燃料。虽然中国拥有丰富的石油资源，但是它们正在日趋减少。所有这些事实只
能有一种解决办法：限止日益增长的汽车数量。
我的看法是北京不应该鼓励私家车。为把清洁的空气、宽阔安全的道路和富饶的石油
资源留给子孙后代，我们对私家车只能说"不"。至于对交通工具的巨大需求，我们可以发
展公交系统来代替私家车。总而言之，北京不需要私家车。
如果您需要对这个问题的进一步评论，请速电告。我家的电话号码是 66661818。谢谢！
顺致
敬意
王华
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm writing to you to express my willingness to take part in the controversy
on private cars and advance my views.
With the living standards rising rapidly, more and more Beijing residents have
cars of their own. Statistics show that in Beijing alone, there are 2.5 million
cars, among which private cars add up to(=number) 1,200,000. The increase in the
number of cars brings about a lot of problems, such as air pollution, noise, traffic
congestion and gas shortage.
To begin with, cars contribute to air pollution. Beijing is now plagued by
serious air pollution. If people are to have cars of their own, the already
contaminated atmosphere will get even dirtier. Secondly, private cars can be
a terrible threat to the already heavy traffic in the city. If more cars are
allowed onto busy streets, there will be more traffic jams, which is really a
public hazard to all of us. Finally, cars consume a large amount of fuel. Though
China is rich in its oil resources, they are running out rapidly.
In my opinion, private cars should be discouraged in Beijing. In order to leave
clean air, wide and safe roads and abundant energy resources to our descendants,
we have to say "No" to private cars. As far as the great demand for means of
transport is concerned, we can develop mass transit to take the place of private
cars. In short, Beijing does not need private cars.
If you require any further comment on the issue, please don't hesitate to call
me up. My home number is 66661818.
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Thanks.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
(327 words)
