第四讲
考研作文命题方向
(一)大学生就业专题
自从2003年七、八月份，我国大学生就业就成为一个热门话题和社会关注的焦点。显而
易见，大学生求职就业问题将继续成为2007年考研写作的重大候选题目。以下两篇作文就是
有关这一重大主题的。第一篇主要分析了大学生找不到合适工作的原因，第二篇主要讨论了
什么是理想的工作。
1. Youth unemployment 青年人失业问题
The unemployment of college graduates should not be regarded as a social problem
if proper guidance and assistance can be offered to them.
College graduates may find it difficult to get a job in the wake of an expanded
enrollment system launched several years ago. And the employment situation facing
students is not much better. Now in Shanghai, about 60 per cent of the jobless are
below the age of 35.
But compared with the unemployment problem among people in their 40s or 50s,
the increasing percentage of young jobless among the unemployed should not be
regarded as a social catastrophe. The unemployment of older people is caused by the
country's transition from a planned economy to a market economy. It could be
co-ordinated and solved through administrative means. But the unemployment of young
people is mainly due to an imbalance of supply and demand in the labour market, which
should be eased in line with a market economy.
Three reasons lead to the unemployment of young people. Many young people project
expectations on their careers that are too high and they are unwilling to start their
career in a low income position.
And some employers tend to hire professionals of higher educational levels to
do low-level job. That not only puts obstacles in the way of new graduates, but also
results in the frequent job changing of professionals.
In addition, the current education system stresses too much on academic
education instead of practical skills. Many employers do not want to recruit newly
graduated students without much work experience. (236 words)
2. Suitability is the key to a good job 适合是好工作的关键
Clearly, a good job is the foundation of one's success, but what does a "good
job" really mean?
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For many, a good job means a good salary and a high social position. I don't
agree. In my opinion, it is better to regard "good" as meaning the job is suitable
to your personality.
For example, if you are the withdrawn type, then it may be more suitable for
you to do academic research in a university than to work in a foreign enterprise,
because the latter requires an outgoing and sociable personality. Maybe it is not
easy for the introverted to do that sort of job well. Additionally, if you get a
job which fits your personality, you will more likely succeed in it.
Therefore, a good job means one which is also suitable to your interests. That
is to say, you can get enjoyment from doing it. If you don't enjoy your job, even
if it gives you a very good salary and high social position, you can't really lead
a happy and meaningful life. We should work to live, not live to work.
Also, a good job should mean a suitable chance to improve yourself as a person.
As the famous saying goes: One is never too old to learn. So you should improve
yourself while you work. In other words, your job should provide you with challenges
so that you can develop yourself. (263 words)
（二）网络专题
国际互联网的出现使世界紧紧地联在一起。下面第一篇文章就是有关网络这一重大主
题。请注意本篇文章是以解释和说明图表的方式进行阐述的，各位考生一定要注意本篇文章
中不同层次和内容的描写和叙述。考研英语极有能出现以数字、曲线、柱形图、圆形图表示
的主题图表，所以从这篇文章中我们既要有关网络的词语和短句，更要学会如何一个层次一
个层次地表达图表所展示的内容并且学会解释具体现象的原因。第二篇文章阐述的是网络在
学习和培训方面的作用。
1. Who's getting hooked online? 谁上网干什么？
According to the Internet user survey by researchers from the Chinese Academy
of Sciences CASS, at least 25 per cent of urban adults in China have ventured online,
and the majority of them said going online has improved their lives. This is one
of the findings of a survey of 2,457 Internet users and 1,484 non-users between the
ages of 17 and 60 in 12 cities in China. The study, titled "2003 China 12 Cities:
Internet Use and Impact Survey Report," has been recognized by some as one of the
best guides to Internet use released in the country so far. The researchers found
that while over 60 per cent of the surveyed Internet users said the Web helped them
with their studies and jobs, 33.7 per cent said it made no difference. Only 4 per
cent said their study and work habits deteriorated.
Fifty-two per cent of respondents described the Internet as an important source
of information, and over 40 per cent said they regard the Internet as a place for
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playing games, gathering and chatting. Surfing and browsing websites, reading news
and dealing with e-mail are the three major online activities of Chinese Internet
users followed by downloading and searching for music, chatting, playing games and
downloading software.
Besides geographic differences, factors like education, income, gender, age,
careers and family are also influencing the use of the Internet.Not surprisingly,
Internet use is highest among those aged between 17 and 34 years, who made up 81
per cent of the respondents. The 35-60 agesgroupsaccounted for only 19 per cent.
Ninety per cent for those with college degrees or higher go online, while only 20
per cent of those with less than a middle school diploma are Internet users. Home,
Internet bars, the office and school occupy the first four places among the choices
of the Internet access locations. Less than 7 per cent of users use the cell phone
as one of their Internet accesses.
Internet shopping remains at the bottom of the list of online activities. Only
17 per cent of users have done so. The types of products purchased online vary widely,
ranging from books, computer equipment, sporting and entertainment goods, travel
arrangements, food and cosmetics and electric appliances. The first three categories
make up more than 10 per cent of such purchases. A wide variety of frequently cited
reasons for not using the Internet include unavailability of goods and services on
the Internet, inadequacy of current computer, fear of technology, concerns about
privacy and security, and worries about viruses. (426 words)
2. E-learning and e-training 网络学习与网络培训
Advances in digital technology will benefit education, such as e-learning.
"E-learning is one of the best ways to train a large population," said Joel Mills,
director and co-founder of the American Academy of Arts and a distance education
specialist. E-education, with flexible schedules, customized content and hybrid
teaching models, may speed up training for the next generation.
With the rapid development of technology and people's demand for education
mounting, so-called e-learning, or on-line long distance education, has become very
popular and important in China. In some areas, e-learning has played a role
traditional classroom education cannot accomplish.
Approximately 90 per cent of the world's new information is stored and retrieved
in English. It is vital for China to use the Olympics as a catalyst to boost English
acquisition to prepare itself or the digital revolution. To prepare for the Beijing
2008 Olympic Games, at least 6 million Chinese, including staff for the organizing
committee, and in the service, retail, police, volunteer, technical and medical
support sectors, reportedly need to improve their English language skills.
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E-learning breaks down the barriers of time and location, integrating education
resources. When compared with traditional ways of teaching and learning, it is far
more cost-effective for both the teachers and the students. (207 words)
（三）2008奥运专题
奥运会主题将是2008年前历届考研写作的重大主题，所以我们对这个主题决不可以掉以
轻心。下面就是有关奥运的两篇文章。第一篇文章主要阐述奥运会会给我们带来什么好处，
第二篇文章重点描述奥运会的标识(中国印)的含义，属于说明文。两篇文章字数较多，但均
是核心词句，请根据你的爱好进行取舍。
1. What the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics will bring to us? 2008北京奥运会将
给我们带来什么？
The Olympic Games offers a way for man to surpass himself, and the essence of
the Games lies in the spirit of competition and sense of honour. We have a lot of
slogans - the Green Olympics, the Humanist Olympics, and the High-Technology
Olympics. The event definitely conforms to the core values of mankind, and expresses
our Chinese determination to merge with the rest of the world.
The 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing is such a good chance for us to introduce
Chinese food to the whole world. China is one of the countries in the world known
for its rich culinary culture, but it seems many foreign epicureans only know the
tip of the Chinese cuisine iceberg. We are duty bound to make Chinese food delicious
in any language.
The Olympics Games will be a good opportunity to promote the spirit of teamwork
among children. I strongly feel that in recent years children have become more and
more "individual-conscious" while lacking team spirit in their school lives.
Teachers are trying to design various games and activities in middle school to foster
a spirit of "united to achieve a goal," as it is vital for one's success when he
or she grows up. But none of the games we designed can compare with power of the
Olympic Games. By then, the children now in middle school will be the main force
of volunteers and thus they can feel how important the united spirit is in such a
big international event. (249 words)
2. Beijing 2008 Olympic logo 2008奥运标识
The emblem, officially entitled "Chinese Seal - Dancing Beijing", has a single
Chinese character on a traditional red Chinese seal. The words "Beijing 2008" are
written with a Chinese brush below it. The figure in the logo resembles a runner
or dancer and the Chinese character "jing" which means "capital".
The image carries the message that today's China is not only a nation with a
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long and glorious history, but also one full of modern dynamics.
Dancing Beijing is a journey to the future, the emblem for China moving towards
the 2008 Olympic Games. It represents the heart of an ancient culture embracing the
modern world, the spirit of a people moving towards a new destiny. It captures the
soul of a city in transformation and its motion conveys a message of hope, joy, and
unity.
Dancing Beijing is a symbol of the city's promise to make the Games a success
and to be unlike any the world has known. The Chinese seal of Dancing Beijing is
a promise rooted in honour and trust, character and truth.
Dancing Beijing is the city's signature. The ancient art of calligraphy
expresses the grace and character of the Chinese and the charm and beauty of their
traditions. The image of Beijing's Olympics, inspired by the ancient figure for
Beijing, turns the citysintosa dancing athlete in the graceful sweep of the
calligrapher's hand.
Dancing Beijing is the colour of China. Red is the most significant colour in
Chinese culture's symbol of luck, of celebration and of new beginnings. The depth
of its meaning equals the depth of its beauty.
Dancing Beijing represents the spirit of the individual. It is the symbol for
every Olympian, every performer, every volunteer and every spectator. Arms flung
wide, it invites all people and the world to share in the city's history, beauty,
energy, and its future.
Dancing Beijing is in the form of the dragon, the ancient symbol of Chinese
culture that has both beauty and majesty. It symbolizes a binding of the fire and
light of the Chinese people, the power to the promise.
Dancing Beijing is an invitation, a hand extended in welcome to China's
celebration. The Games are held in the hope of uniting humanity as never before.
They are a gesture of friendship and hope that the community of nations will unite
in peace through sport. (393 words)
（四）中国品牌专题
中国入世之后，中国的经济一直是国内外关注的一个焦点。国外的产品如何进入中国，
国内的产品如何走向世界，这是人们关注的一个重大问题。民族品牌如何立足于世界之林？
在这个专题中，我给大家所提供的文章是有关于中国品牌如何能够走向世界。我们也衷心地
希望更多的中国品牌能像海尔一样为民族争光。
1. How can Chinese Brands go global? 中国品牌如何走向国际？
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How can Chinese national brands get established in the international
market-place?
No one would doubt the importance of valuable brands and the impression such
brands make on the buying public. That is why consumers are prepared to pay more
money for products that have a reliable name. When the difference in quality among
various products or services becomes less differentiated, what distinguishes a
product from others is the brand.
How can Chinese brands find their waysintosthe international market? First,
control over Chinese firms by foreign brands must be removed. A brand strategy could
be deemed an anti-control strategy. Since original equipment manufacturing form a
great barriers between foreign consumers and Chinese manufacturers, Chinese
manufacturers have no brand for their own products and thus can accumulate no brand
loyalty even if the products they produced are widely sold.
Second, Chinese manufacturers need to develop the key technology for their brand
and own the property rights to that technology. A good example is the CDMA
(code-division multiple-access) technology used for mobile phones. The patent fees
charged to Chinese manufacturers have been a heavy burden and added to the cost of
CDMA phone handsets, thus limiting the growth of CDMA use in China. Without a
self-owned brand, Chinese manufacturers will need to copy technology from other
manufacturers and therefore they will not have the momentum to take the lead in
technology innovation.
Third, Chinese manufacturers need to have their own brand strategy. Without
their own brands and without promotion of those brands, Chinese manufacturers will
have no idea what consumers in other countries really want. Therefore, they will
be unaware of how to promote their products in those overseas markets.
In conclusion, turning a brand strategysintosreality is totally different from
thinking about a strategy. Yet, when Chinese manufacturers start to think about
strategy, they have already made the first very important step forward to achieve
the goal of establishing an international brand. (312 words)
（五）航空探险专题
航空探险一直是国内外英语写作的重大主题，今年考研写作也不例外。我国神州六号的
成功发射，以及杨利伟这个名字又使人们对航空探险进行深思。下面的文章就是有关航空探
险的，第一、二篇讲述了我国的神州六号探险的原因以及伟大意义，第三、四篇文章讲述了
有关美国哥伦比亚航天飞机的内容，由于文章较难我给大家附上了汉语译文。
1. New chapter in space history 航天历史的新篇章
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The Shenzhou-V, or "Divine Ship," has carried the first Chinesesintosorbit and
the countrysintosthe prestigious space club pioneered four decades ago by the former
Soviet union and the United States. As the inventor of the ancient rocket, the Chinese
nation had cherished a space dream for centuries. The launch of its first satellite,
the Dongfanghong, in 1970 ushered in China's space age. Now, the Shenzhou-V marks
another giant stride in China's space trek.
As the world's largest developing country, China is more than proud of making
its own contribution to human beings' outer space exploration.
By reigniting people's interest in the universe, China's latest accomplishment
appears especially important for rejuvenating the world's space programmes, which
have unfortunately been bogged down by accidents in recent years.
The blast-off of China's first manned spacecraft will definitely breathe new
energysintosthe country's pursuit of space technologies for the overall welfare of
its people. Just imagine what new seed varieties with higher yields and better
qualities, which are developed in space, would mean to a country with 1.3 billion
people. It is hoped that wider applications of space technology will turn out to
be an important driving force in the country's economic and social development.
Expensive as they are, manned missions are worth it. In addition to offering
a tremendous boost to a country's technological capabilities and creating a
plenitude of other possibilities, they are a huge morale booster.
The successful launch of Shenzhou-V has clearly showcased the value of devotion,
co-operation and pursuit of the unknown. And the upbeat spirit the first Chinese
astronaut demonstrated in the face of the unknown will inspire the nation to take
on challenges as it continues to evolve. (285 words)
2. China's manned star trek signals a brighter future 中国的载人飞行预示着更
好的未来
The ultimate goal of the programme is to explore outer space and make good use
of its rich resources.
The universe is abundant with energy and resources, while mankind, on its way
to self-improvement and development, must constantly seek new channels to acquire
more resources.
Since the 1970s many countries have conducted experiments in space and achieved
major breakthroughs in the research of key space technologies. A comprehensive
satellite system, offering services in fields like telecommunications, navigation,
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meteorology and outer space exploration, has been established.
Since 1975, China has successfully launched 17 recoverable satellites. As those
satellites orbited the Earth, a variety of experiments in space engineering,
agriculture, life sciences and space materials were smoothly conducted.
As the world's most populous nation with a population of 1.2 billion, China
relies heavily on its agricultural sector. As early as 1987, China's recoverable
satellites started to carry plant seedssintosorbit in a bid to breed new seed
varieties with higher yields and better quality.
Outer space is an ideal industrial base, as the universe is very clean and almost
without gravity.
The United States and Russia have both set up workshops in space stations.
Products like semiconductors, optical glass, pottery and a variety of alloys have
been produced in space.
Insgroupsto be able to share space resources with other countries as soon as
possible, China has vigorously developed its manned space programme. Sending a
mansintosspace is just the "first step" for China's ambitious programme. (247 words)
3.Columbia Space Shuttle 哥伦比亚航天飞机
The Columbia is lost; there are no survivors.
On board was a crew of seven, these men and women assumed great risk in the service
to all humanity.
In an age when space flight has come to seem almost routine, it is easy to overlook
the dangers of travel by rocket, and the difficulties of navigating the fierce outer
atmosphere of the Earth. These astronauts knew the dangers, and they faced them
willingly, knowing they had a high and noble purpose in life. Because of their courage
and daring and idealism, we will miss them all he more.
The cause in which they died will continue. Mankind is ledsintosthe darkness
beyond our world by the inspiration of discovery and the longing to understand. Our
journeysintosspace will go on.
In the skies today we saw destruction and tragedy. Yet farther than we can see
there is comfort and hope. In the words of the prophet Isaiah, "Lift your eyes and
look to the heavens. Who created all these? He who brings out the starry hosts one
by one and calls them each by name. Because of His great power and might strength,
not one of them is missing." (201 words)
42
参考译文：
"哥伦比亚号"失事了；无一人生还。
机上的七名男女宇航员为造福全人类而承担了巨大的风险。
在太空飞行似乎已基本成为常规作业的时代，人们易于忽视乘坐火箭飞行的危险和在险
恶的地球外层空间飞行的难度。这些宇航员懂得这些危险，而且甘心情愿地面对这些危险，
因为他们知道生命中有着远大而崇高的目标。正是因为他们的勇气、胆识和理想主义精神，
我们会更加怀念他们。
他们为之献身的事业将继续下去。人类是在探索精神和求知欲望的引导下，超越我们的
世界，进入黑暗的未知空间。我们的太空之旅将继续下去。
今天，我们在空中看到的是毁灭和悲剧。但在我们的视野之外存在着安慰和希望。先知
以赛亚说："你们向上举目，看谁创造这万象？他逐一领出烁烁繁星，一一称其名。因为他
的大力全能，一个都不缺。"
4.To Columbia Space Shuttle Heroes致哥伦比亚航天飞机的英雄们
Their truest testimony will not be in the words we speak, but in the way they
led their lives and in the way they lost those lives - with dedication, honor and
an unquenchable desire to explore this mysterious and beautiful universe.
They were so different, yet in their mission, their quest, they held so much
in common.
We remember Christa McAuliffe, who captured the imagination of the entire nation,
inspiring us with her pluck, her restless spirit of discovery; a teacher, not just
to her students, but to an entire people, instilling us all with the excitement of
this journey we ridesintosthe future.
We will always remember them, these skilled professionals, scientists and
adventurers, these artists and teachers and family men and women, and we will cherish
each of their stories - stories of triumph and bravery, stories of true American
heroes.
The sacrifice of your loved ones has stirred the soul of our nation and, through
the pain, our hearts have been opened to a profound truth - the future is not free,
the story of all human progress is one of a struggle against all odds. We learned
again that this America, which Abraham Lincoln called the last best hope of man on
Earth, was built on heroism and noble sacrifice. It was built by men and women like
our seven star voyagers, who answered a call beyond duty, who gave more than was
43
expected or required, and who gave it with little thought to worldly reward.
Today, the frontier is space and the boundaries of human knowledge. Sometimes,
when we reach for the stars, we fall short. But we must pick ourselves up again and
press on despite the pain. Our nation is indeed fortunate that we can still draw
on immense reservoirs of courage, character and fortitude - that we are still blessed
with heroes like those of the space shuttle Challenger.
Today, we promise Dick Scobee and his crew that their dream lives on; that the
future they worked so hard to build will become reality. The dedicated men and women
of NASA have lost seven members of their family. Still, they too, must forge ahead,
with a space program that is effective, safe and efficient, but bold and committed.
Man will continue his conquest of space. To reach out for new goals and ever
greater achievements-that is the way we shall commemorate our seven Challenger
heroes.
We can find consolation only in faith, for we know in our hearts that you who
flew so high and so proud now make your home beyond the stars, safe in God's promise
of eternal life. (437 words)
参考译文：
英雄之所以称之为英雄，并不在于我们颂赞的语言，而在于他们始终以高度的事业心、
自尊心和锲而不舍地对神奇而美妙的宇宙进行探索的责任感，去实践真正的生活以至献出生
命。
他们彼此很不相同，但他们每个人的追求和肩负的使命却又是那样的一致。
我们还记得凝聚了整个国家想象力的科里斯塔?麦考利芙，她用她的勇气和永不停息的
探索精神激励我们。她是一位教师，不仅是她的学生们的教师，而且是全国人民的教师，她
以这次太空飞行作为激励我们向未来冲击的教例，孜孜不倦地讲述给我们。
我们将永远记住他们，这些杰出的专家、科学家、冒险家，这些艺术家、教师和家庭中
的男女成员们。我们将珍爱他们每个人的故事，这是诉说胜利和勇敢的故事，这是真正的美
国英雄的故事。
你们所热爱的人们的牺牲轰动了整个国家。在痛苦中我们认识到了一个意义深远的道
理：未来的道路并不平坦，整个人类前进的历史是与一切艰难险阻斗争的历史。我们又一次
认识到，我们的美国是在英雄主义和崇高献身精神的基础上建立起来的，它是由像我们的七
位宇航员那样的男人和女人，那些把全社会的责任作为自己责任的人，那些给予人民比人民
期望和要求的更多的人，那些为人类做出贡献而从不企求些微报答的人建立起来的。
今天的荒漠就是太空和人类知识没有达到的疆域。有时，我们会感到想到达外星球还力
44
不从心。但我们必须重新振作起来，忍受着磨难，不断前进。我们的国家的确非常幸运，因
为我们依然保持着巨大的勇气、令人信赖的声誉和刚毅不屈的品质，我们仍然有像"挑战者"
号上七位宇航员那样的英雄。
今天，我们向迪克?司各比和他的伙伴们保证，他们的梦想决没有破灭，他们努力为之
奋斗的理想一定会成为现实。为国家航空和宇宙航行局献身工作的人们，他们的大家庭中失
去了七位成员，他们仍要继续工作去实现既安全可行又冒险、大胆的更有效的太空计划。人
类将继续向太空进军，不断确立新的目标，不断取得新的成就。这正是我们纪念"挑战者"
号上七位英雄的最好方式。
我们所能找到的唯一安慰是，我们在心里知道飞得那样高那样自豪的你们，现在在星际
之外找到了上帝许诺以不朽生命的归宿。
（六）传染病专题
传染病一直是人类的杀手，艾滋病是人类的天敌，人们应对这种疾病给予足够的重视，
否则，人类将面临灭顶之灾。艾滋病当然一直是考研英语写作的重大主题。下面的文章描述
了我国艾滋病的现状并提出了控制艾滋病的最佳手段--全社会动员起来。
1. All-around effort is needed against AIDS 全社会动员起来防治艾滋病
More media coverage is being paid to the HIV/AIDS situation in China, especially
after a gathering of leading officials, scientists, medical workers and activists
in the field occurred in Beijing on November 10.
By official estimates, China has 840,000 people carrying HIV, the virus that
causes AIDS, and about 80,000 AIDS patients.
Despite the fairly large groups of HIV carriers and AIDS patients, the epidemic
is mostly confined to high-risk groups, such as drug users, prostitutes and users
of blood products. And it has yet to spread widely in the rest of the nation.
The Chinese Government is well aware of such perspectives, and the central and
local governments have allocated 6.8 billion yuan (US billion) to establish and
improve disease prevention and control mechanisms in provinces. Each year a special
fund of more than 200 million yuan (US million) is channeledsintosHIV/AIDS
prevention, care and treatment.
Since April, free medicine to poor AIDS patients has been delivered in regions
hit hardest by the virus.
Just as the impacts of AIDS reaches social and economic fields of society,
effective prevention also requires united efforts from virtually all sectors.
45
Key factors needed include public education, affordable drugs, medical training
for healthcare workers in hospitals and the public health system, monitoring and
evaluation, care for orphans, measures to stop mother-to-child transmission, a
comprehensive care framework and researchsintosvaccines and a cure.
None of these things can be achieved with the single hand of any institution
- not health officials, not medical workers or the government.
The fight against HIV/AIDS requires the participation of as many parties as
possible.
As former US President Bill Clinton said as a co-chair of the advisory board
of International AIDS Trust, the AIDS problem is "manageable and preventable" though
we must wage it on all fronts with tenuous determination, utmost patience and tactful
skills. (308 word)
