一套英语导游考试参考试题。
Passage 2
Questions 34 to 37 are based on the following passage.
Henry Ford, the famous U.S.inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S .way of life is based on the values of the business world.
Few would argue with Ford’s statement.A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business.For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily.In addition, business news can appear in every other section.Most national news has an important financial aspect to it.Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business.Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places.The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”
The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S.life.One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job.Jobs are produced in abundance because the U.S.economic system is driven by competition.People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.
The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business.And the term big business—referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor.Throughout U.S.history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions.Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety.Downsizing—the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high — creates feelings of insecurity for many.
34.The United States is a typical country ______.
A.which encourages free trade at homes and abroad
B.where people’s chief concern is how to make money
Passage 3
Questions 38 to 41 are based on the following passage.
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-l ines are lowered or raised, and so on
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.
38.Designers and big stores always make money__________.
A.by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
B.because they are capable of predicting new fashions
C.by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing
D.because they attach great importance to quality in women’s clothing
39.To the writer, the fact that women alter their old -fashioned dresses is seen as_________.
A.a waste of money
B.a waste of time
C.an expression of taste
D.an expression of creativity
40.The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the ____________ of clothing.
A.cost
B.appearance
C.comfort
D.suitability
41.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.
B.The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of character.
C.The fashion industry m akes an important contribution to society.
D.Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
Passage 4
Questions 42 to 45 are based on the following passage.
A special research team organized and sent off from the local medical center performed experiments on the completed blind infants.The test sample included twenty completely blind infants, who lived at home with their mothers or families.The research workers would visit the infants and closely observe the developments of their sense and behavior every two weeks.
In most cases, the research workers tested the response of the blind infant to different stimuli common in family environment.Generally speaking, a normal baby would react with smiles and laughter to tickling, to the voice of a relative, and to hugging from his family.His reactions were swift and fleet.Nevertheless, most of the blind infants according to the experiments, responded to stimuli impassively.In fact, they were apathetic and indifferent to any sound.But under some special circumstances, some of them were able to react to the sound of their mothers with a smile.Usually, their response was very slow and phlegmatic.
The tests were conducted over a nine-month period, and they began when the blind infants were one month old and ended when they were ten months old.
42.According to this passage the blind infants _______.
A.were taken to live with the research workers
B.live at home with their mothers
C.were tested at the medical center
D.were members of large families
43.The responses of the blind infants to the stimuli _______.
A.were the same as the normal infants
B.were different at first but later the same as the normal infants
C.were slower than the normal infants
D.were swift and speedy
44.Which of the following statements is true?
A.A normal baby responded to the stimuli impassively.
B.A normal baby’s reaction to the s ound was phlegmatic.
C.A group of nurses took care of the blind infants at the medical centers.
D.Some of the blind infants were able to respond to their mother’s voice.
45.How were the experiments conducted?
A.The scientists tested them in the medical center.
B.The blind infants were visited by research workers every two weeks.
C.The blind infants were made to compare with the normal infants.
D.Their mothers were invited to tickle them.
