有关四级。
2. (Because) Parents/They were warned (by educators) not to educate their children.
3. They had been asked/warned not to educate/teach their children. （要求用过去时或过去完成时）
1.5分
Parents are warned by the educators not to educate them. (时态错误；代词指代不清)
1分（只答出其中的一部分信息）
1. Many parents did not educate/hadn’t educated their children at home/out of school.
2. Because they didn’t realize they should educate their children also.
3. The educators warned them not to do so.
4. They were warned by educators who asked them not so.
5. Because many parents had been warned by educators.
0.5分
1. Because they/these parents don’t educate their children.
2. The children haven’t been taught at home by their parents.
3. They neglect teaching their children.
4. Because they didn’t realize the importance to teach in home.
5. Because they ^ warned by educators how and what to do.
6. Their parents had been warned by educators who asked them.（矛盾的多余信息）
7. Because recently parents had been warned by educators.
8. Many parents ^ warned by educators not educating kids before school.
0分
1. Parents are/have been (particularly) afraid to teach children at home/by themselves.
2. Because they didn’t discover that reading is best taught individually.
3. not (to) educate their children
4. Many parents (were) not making the most of their child’s children’s intelligence.
5. The children cannot be educated at home by their parents.
6. Because many parents didn’t make their efforts to children’s intelligence.
7. They depend on school.
8. They can be educated only at school.
9. Because they hadn’t been warned to do so.
10. Because they/these parents educate their child not very well.
11. Because they didn’t teach well before and after entering school.
S5. The author suggests in the last paragraph that parents should be encouraged to ________________________________.
teach reading at home
2分
1. teach reading
2. teach the children to read
3. They should be encouraged to teach their children to read
4. teach their children how to read
1.5分
1. teach children to sound and read at home（多余）
2. teach child reading at home （应该用复数）
3. teach their children to study such as reading （多余）
4. teach their children to read and write
5. teach their children reading when they are very young
6. teach reading to their children as much as possible
7. teach their children sounds of single words and teach reading
8. Parents should teaching their children reading more
9. teach reading individually and teach their children to read
10. teach their children reading at home from letters to words
11. teach their children how to read but not ^ push them
12. teach the children to read words
1分
1. teach read show a few letters and teach their sounds
2. teach children read in an efficient way
3. teach reading with their children at home often
4. teach child reading at home before and after they enter school
5. teach their children to read before children go to school
0分
1. teach their children individually
2. realize that the easiest place to read is at home
3. read and show a few letters
4. do some reading for their children at home
5. read for children and teach them a few letters
6. compose single words of their own
7. taught child sounds with single words before taught to read
8. they should teach their children at home by reading
9. teach children language and single words at home
10. Reading is best taught to the children
11. The author suggests that parents encourage children to read
12. let their children read by themselves at home
14. give the children early reading
15. make their child reading at home
从上面的评分标准中我们可以看出，简答题的关键是要读懂原文，回答问题中要切中要点，回答的形式还要同根据问题的形式相一致。在这里，我们尤其提醒大家，如果你没有太大的把握，不妨照抄原文， 这样至少能得一分（超过10个词）。这是评分标准的一个漏洞，在无奈的时候可以利用。
一．简答题的解题步骤
特别提示：做简答题切不要画蛇添足。
第一步 通篇略读。
所谓通篇略读是指迅速扫视全文，舍弃无关细节，全力捕捉文章大意的阅读方法。
在略读时以下面几点为目标：
1） 大致了解文章涉及内容，文章是关于哪一方面，什么内容。
2） 发现文章的中心思想和作者的基本观点态度。
3） 对文章结构脉络有基本印象，知道大致观点、例证及具体分析的位置。
略读的目标决定了略读只需将注意力放在文章的主题句、关键词这些部分，其余部分如：具体的论述、细节、数字等，则可以跳过不读。因此，略读速度是一般阅读速度的两倍，也就是说，象简答题部分所选短文用2分半钟左右的时间就应通篇略读一遍。
第二步 照题查阅。
所谓照题查阅是指根据问题去寻找答案。
通常照题查阅是在通篇略读之后，如果时间有限也可直接进行这一步。照题查阅时应注意以下几点：
1． 充分理解问题，一定准确理解所问的内容，确定需要在文章中查找的对象。
2． 根据通篇略读的印象，回到文章相应部分寻找答案。
3． 在文章相关部分，应仔细阅读前后的句子。
4． 对照问题，确定答案的基本内容。
第三步 简练作答。
在基本确定了每道题的回答内容之后，就要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。在归纳、组织答案时要注意以下几点： 1．答案要与提问的方式保持一致。
如用who提问就要以某种/个人来回答，而不能以陈述型句子来回答。否则，答非所问，会扣分或不得分。
2． 要避免语言错误。
组织答案时，尽量避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。尽量使用自己有把握的词、短语和句型。
3． 要善于利用原文的关键词句。
在寻找和组织答案时，可以引用表达答案关键内容的原文，但切忌整句照搬，要适当改动，否则会被扣分。
4． 注意字数。
简答题要求用10个以内的词准确表述答案，词数超出，会被扣分。 5． 注意卷面。
答案书写要规范、认真，首字母要大写。标点符号的使用要规范。
第四步 仔细核对。
答案写完之后，时间允许的情况下，应仔细检查核对，避免失误。此时应检查这几方面：
1．再次审题，确认回答符合问题要求，避免答非所问。
2．清除语法、语言错误。语言错误有拼写错误、标点不当、大小写等。常见的语法错误有时态与原文不符、主谓不一致、词汇用法不当等。
3．保证字数没有超出要求。
二、简答题实战 （单击此处打开答案和注解）
在对简答题的作了充分的了解之后，现在让我们来做几套试题，以熟悉这种题的解题方法和答题的要点。
同做阅读理解题一样，我们的第一步还是要通读一下全文，搞清楚文章的体裁、话题、主题和基本结构。然后是针对问题寻找线索。在此基础之上，再来寻找或归纳出答案。
1999年1月考题
Would–be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common: they all want some recognition of their professional status and skills, and a job. The former requirement is obviously important on a personal level, but it is vital if you are to have any chance of finding work.
Ten years ago, the situation was very different. In virtually every developing country, and in many developed countries as well, being a native English speaker was enough to get you employed as an English teacher.
Now employers will only look at teachers who have the knowledge, the skills and attitudes to teach English effectively. The result of this has been to raise non-native English teachers to the same status as their native counter-parts（相对应的人）--- something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed. Non-natives are happy--- linguistic discrimination（语言上的歧视）is a thing of the past.
An ongoing research project, funded by the University of Cambridge, asked a sample of teachers, educators and employers in more than 40 countries whether they regarded the native /non-native speakers distinction as being at all important. “No” was the answer. As long as candidates can teach and had the required level of English, it didn’t matter who they were and where they came from. Thus, a new form of discrimination--- this time justified because it singled out the unqualified--- liberated the linguistically oppressed（受压迫的）. But the Cambridge did more than just that: it confirmed that the needs of native and non-native teachers were extremely similar.
1. The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.
2.What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?
3. What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher?
4. What is the result of the “new form of discrimination”(Line 5, Para.4)?
5. The phrase “the linguistically oppressed”(Line 6, Para. 4) refers to those who were_________.
1999年1月考题
文章导读
一个英语教师的标准是什么？是不是只要是a native English speaker就可以了呢？A native English speaker是否就比a non-native English speaker强呢？该篇短文对比了对英语教师过去和现在的职业要求和资格评价的情况，介绍了现在对本族语英语教师和非本族语英语教师一视同仁的变化。
第一题 The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.
题解：本题的重要线索是题干中的“used to”。文章的第二段提到“十年前，……只要是a native English speaker，你就足以成为一名英语教师了”。换句话说，就是过去选择英语教师的标准就是看你是不是a native English speaker。所以本题的正确答案可以是：…whether they were English speakers。
要点：（1）注意答案是作“on”宾语，后面又有“是否……”，答案应该用由whether引导的名词性从句；
（2）题干中的“used to”告诉我们答案中也要用过去时态；如果信手写成whether they are English speakers是要扣0.5分的；
（3）题干中的“English teachers”是一个复数，答案中也要用复数。如果信手写成whether he was English speakers是要扣0.5分的；
请参考其它的评分标准：
l 可得2.0分的回答：
1) their nationality
2) whether they were native speakers or not
3) the language the teachers had as mother tongue
4) the job applicants’ nationality
5) where they came from and their mother tongue
l 可得1.5分的回答：
1) whether is a native speaker or not
从句中缺主语，语法错误扣0.5分。
2) their citizenship, whether the job applicants were English speakers or not.
超词，共11个词，扣0.5分。 l 可得1分的回答
1) being a native speaker was enough to get you employed
照抄原文，扣0.5分。与所补充句子语法不搭配，扣0.5分。
2) they were native speakers or not and whether professional status
“whether…or not”句式表达错误，扣0.5分。部分内容与问题无关，扣0.5分。
l 可得0.5分的回答：
1) nation. A English man is enough to be a English teacher.
回答不全面，仅包含部分正确内容，扣0.5分。语法错误（应为，时态错误应为过去时）扣0.5分。
2) Speaking. You should being a native speaker.
回答不全面，包含部分正确内容，得1 分。语言错误，扣0.5分。
l 可得0分的回答：
1) their professional status and skills
2) a personal level
3) a native English speaker
4) the knowledge, the skills and the attitudes.
没有回答出正确内容，不得分。
